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| - ريتشارد رولاند لاور (بالإنجليزية: Richard Rowland Lower) ـ (15 أغسطس 1929 ـ 17 مايو 2008) هو جرّاح قلب أمريكي من رواد جراحة القلب، وعلى الأخص زراعة القلب. (ar)
- Richard Rowland Lower (* 15. August 1929 in Detroit; † 17. Mai 2008 in , Montana) war ein US-amerikanischer Herzchirurg, der zu den Pionieren der Herztransplantation zählte. (de)
- Richard Rowland Lower (15 de agosto de 1929 – 17 de maio de 2008) foi um cirurgião norte-americano pioneiro no campo do transplante de coração. Lower e Norman Shumway desenvolveram muitas das técnicas necessárias para realizar com êxito um transplante cardíaco, incluindo o recurso a hipotermia e a técnica ortotópica, que viriam a tornar-se a técnica padrão para os transplantes. Foi também pioneiro no uso de ciclosporina para prevenir a rejeição de transplante. (pt)
- Richard Rowland Lower (August 15, 1929 – May 17, 2008) was an American pioneer of cardiac surgery, particularly in the field of heart transplantation. Lower was born in Detroit, attended Amherst College, and received his medical degree from Cornell University in 1955. Lower and Norman Shumway developed many of the techniques required to conduct successful heart transplantation, including the use of hypothermia and the orthotopic technique, which became the standard technique for cardiac transplantation. (en)
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