About: Arthur Birch (organic chemist)

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Arthur John Birch, AC CMG FRS FAA (3 August 1915 – 8 December 1995) was an Australian organic chemist. Birch developed the Birch reduction of aromatic rings (by treatment with lithium metal and ammonia) which is widely used in synthetic organic chemistry. The Birch Reduction enables the modification of steroids. In 1948 Birch published the first total synthesis of a male sex hormone (19-nortestosterone), as the first member of a new structural series. This series later comprised the first oral contraceptive pill, which was made by others. The Birch reduction also allows for the development of other steroid drugs and antibiotics – he also made the first simple synthesis of the ring A-B structure of cholesterol. Birch published over 440 scientific papers and reports.

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rdfs:label	آرثر بيرش (ar) Arthur Birch (Chemiker) (de) Arthur Birch (organic chemist) (en) Arthur Birch (fr) Бёрч, Артур Джон (ru)
rdfs:comment	آرثر بيرش (بالإنجليزية: Arthur John Birch)‏ هو كيميائي أسترالي، ولد في 3 أغسطس 1915 في سيدني في أستراليا، وتوفي في 8 ديسمبر 1995. (ar) Arthur John Birch (* 3. August 1915 in Sydney; † 8. Dezember 1995) war ein australischer organischer Chemiker. Birch entwickelte die Birch-Reduktion aromatischer Ringe, die breite Anwendung in der organischen Synthesechemie findet. Die Birch-Reduktion ermöglichte die Modifizierung von Steroiden. Er war der erste, dem es gelang, mit Cholesterol eine einfache A-B-Ringstruktur zu synthetisieren. So konnte Birch 1948 die erste Totalsynthese eines männlichen Sexualhormons (19-Nortestosteron) vorweisen, als erstem synthetisch hergestellten Vertreter einer sehr wichtigen Strukturklasse. Dies ermöglichte später die Entwicklung und Herstellung der Antibabypille sowie anderer auf Steroidgerüsten basierender Pharmazeutika, darunter viele Antibiotika. Birch veröffentlichte über 440 Artikel und Reviews. (de) Arthur John Birch, AC CMG FRS FAA (3 August 1915 – 8 December 1995) was an Australian organic chemist. Birch developed the Birch reduction of aromatic rings (by treatment with lithium metal and ammonia) which is widely used in synthetic organic chemistry. The Birch Reduction enables the modification of steroids. In 1948 Birch published the first total synthesis of a male sex hormone (19-nortestosterone), as the first member of a new structural series. This series later comprised the first oral contraceptive pill, which was made by others. The Birch reduction also allows for the development of other steroid drugs and antibiotics – he also made the first simple synthesis of the ring A-B structure of cholesterol. Birch published over 440 scientific papers and reports. (en) Arthur John Birch, AC CMG FRS FAA (3 août 1915 - 8 décembre 1995) est un chimiste organique australien. Birch développe la réduction Birch des cycles aromatiques (par traitement avec du lithium métal et de l'ammoniac) qui est largement utilisée en chimie organique synthétique. La réduction de Birch permet la modification des stéroïdes. En 1948, Birch publie la première synthèse totale d'une hormone sexuelle masculine (19-nortestostérone), en tant que premier membre d'une nouvelle série structurelle. Cette série comprend plus tard la première pilule contraceptive orale, qui est fabriquée par d'autres. La réduction de Birch permet également le développement d'autres médicaments stéroïdiens et antibiotiques. Il fait également la première synthèse simple de la structure en anneau AB du cholest (fr) Артур Джон Бёрч (англ. Arthur John Birch; 3 августа 1915 — 8 декабря 1995) — австралийский учёный, специализировавшийся в области органической химии. Внёс вклад в развитие биохимии и металлорганической химии, наиболее известен благодаря реакции восстановления ароматических соединений раствором натрия и этанола в жидком аммиаке, названной его именем. Восстановление по Бёрчу используется в органическом синтезе, в частности при модификации стероидов. В 1948 году впервые опубликовал полный синтез мужского полового гормона — 19-нортестостерона. (ru)
foaf:name	Arthur John Birch (en)
name	Arthur John Birch (en)
birth place	Australia Sydney
death place	Canberra Australia
death place	Canberra Australia
death date	1995-12-08 (xsd:date)
birth place	Australia Sydney
birth date	1915-08-03 (xsd:date)
dcterms:subject	Presidents of the Australian Academy of Science 1995 deaths 1915 births Alumni of the University of Oxford Australian chemists Companions of the Order of Australia Fellows of the Australian Academy of Science Fellows of the Royal Society Organic chemists University of Sydney alumni University of Sydney faculty Foreign Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences Foreign Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences Chemists at the University of Cambridge
Wikipage page ID	1523443 (xsd:integer)
Wikipage revision ID	1113056621 (xsd:integer)
Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage	Canberra Birch reduction Presidents of the Australian Academy of Science Antibiotic University of Cambridge University of Manchester University of Oxford University of Sydney Davy Medal Synthetic organic chemistry 1995 deaths Combined oral contraceptive pill Master of Science Ernest Guenther Award Organic chemistry

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