. . . . . . . "En kapare eller fribytare \u00E4r ett privat fartyg, eller en sj\u00F6man p\u00E5 ett s\u00E5dant fartyg, som seglar med ett av regeringsmyndighet utf\u00E4rdat kaparbrev i vilket denne f\u00E5tt r\u00E4tt att ta fientliga handelsfartyg och dess last i besittning. Denna typ av krigf\u00F6ring f\u00F6rbj\u00F6ds officiellt f\u00F6rst i Parisdeklarationen 1856. Numera kallas \u00E4ven den som under hot kapar till exempel trafikflygplan f\u00F6r kapare."@sv . . . . . "Kaper"@pl . . . . . . . "Sebuah privateer adalah orang pribadi atau kapal yang terlibat dalam perang maritim di bawah suatu komisi perang. Komisi tersebut, yang juga dikenal sebagai , memberi wewenang kepada orang tersebut untuk melakukan segala bentuk permusuhan yang diperbolehkan di laut dengan penggunaan perang, termasuk menyerang kapal asing selama masa perang dan merebut mereka sebagai kapal rampasan. Kapal yang ditawan dikenai hukuman dan penjualan menurut , dengan hasil dibagi antara para sponsor privateer, pemilik kapal, kapten, dan awak kapal. Suatu persentase pembagian biasanya untuk penerbit komisi. Karena perompakan di bawah tangan biasa terjadi dalam perdagangan di luar negeri, semua kapal dagang sudah dipersenjatai. Selama perang, sumber daya angkatan laut menjadi pelengkap bagi operasi di darat sehi"@in . "\u041A\u043E\u0440\u0441\u0430\u0301\u0440\u0438 (\u043A\u0430\u0301\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0301\u0440\u0438) (\u0444\u0440. corsaire, \u043D\u0456\u043C. Kaper, \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. privateer) \u2014 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043D\u0456 \u043E\u0441\u043E\u0431\u0438, \u044F\u043A\u0456 \u0437 \u0434\u043E\u0437\u0432\u043E\u043B\u0443 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043E\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0438, \u0449\u043E \u0432\u043E\u044E\u0454, \u0432\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u043E\u0437\u0431\u0440\u043E\u0454\u043D\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043D\u043E (\u044F\u043A\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0441\u044C \u043A\u0430\u043F\u0435\u0440\u043E\u043C, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043E\u043C \u0447\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u0441\u0430\u0440\u043E\u043C) \u0437 \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u044E \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043E\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043A\u0443\u043F\u0435\u0446\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043B\u0456\u0432 \u0441\u0443\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430, \u0430 \u0443 \u043F\u0435\u0432\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u043F\u0430\u0434\u043A\u0430\u0445 \u2014 \u0456 \u043D\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432. \u0422\u0430 \u0436 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0432\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0434\u043E \u0447\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0456\u0432 \u0457\u0445 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0434. \u041F\u043E\u043D\u044F\u0442\u0442\u044F \u00AB\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0441\u0430\u0440\u00BB \u0443 \u0432\u0443\u0437\u044C\u043A\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u043D\u0441\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0432\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043C\u0435 \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0443\u0437\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043A\u0430\u043F\u0456\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043D."@uk . . . . "Korz\u00E1r (franc. corsaire z lat. cursarius tj. \"n\u00E1jezdn\u00EDk\") \u010Di privat\u00FDr (angl. privateer) nebo kaper (holand.) je jinak soukrom\u00E1 osoba, kter\u00E1 obdr\u017Eela od sv\u00E9 vl\u00E1dy ofici\u00E1ln\u00ED pov\u011B\u0159en\u00ED k veden\u00ED ko\u0159istnick\u00E9 \u010Dinnosti na mo\u0159i. Ta spo\u010D\u00EDvala v napad\u00E1n\u00ED obchodn\u00EDch lod\u00ED nep\u0159\u00E1telsk\u00E9 mocnosti a jejich zaj\u00EDm\u00E1n\u00ED. Svou \u010Dinnost provozovala vlastn\u00ED lod\u00ED a zisk z n\u00ED byl bu\u010F jej\u00EDm vlastnictv\u00EDm, nebo se o n\u011Bj d\u011Blila dohodnut\u00FDm zp\u016Fsobem s vystavovatelem tzv. kapersk\u00E9ho (lapa\u010Dsk\u00E9ho) listu (franc. lettre de marque). Ko\u0159ist podl\u00E9hala potvrzen\u00ED st\u00E1tn\u00EDho \u00FA\u0159adu, v Anglii ko\u0159istn\u00EDm soudem (angl. prize court). Korz\u00E1rsk\u00E9 lod\u011B nebyly pova\u017Eov\u00E1ny za sou\u010D\u00E1st ozbrojen\u00FDch sil dan\u00E9ho st\u00E1tu. Korz\u00E1rstv\u00ED vzniklo v 16. stolet\u00ED a ofici\u00E1ln\u011B bylo zak\u00E1z\u00E1no Pa\u0159\u00ED\u017Eskou deklarac\u00ED o n\u00E1mo\u0159n\u00EDm pr\u00E1vu, kter\u00E1 byla p\u0159ijata roku 1856 na konan\u00E9m "@cs . . "Un corsaro era un privato cittadino che, munito dal governo di uno Stato di un'apposita autorizzazione formale, detta \"lettera di corsa\", in cambio della cessione allo stesso di parte dei guadagni conseguiti, era autorizzato ad assalire e rapinare le navi mercantili delle nazioni nemiche. Per quanto, specie nella cultura di massa, i termini \"corsaro\", \"pirata\" o \"bucaniere\" siano spesso accumunati, il corsaro era in realt\u00E0 un pirata mercenario e, a differenza degli altri, non era considerato un fuorilegge. La cosiddetta guerra di corsa permise ai sovrani di aumentare le entrate mobilitando navi e marinai privati che sovvenzionavano il potere statale. Il rovescio della medaglia era per\u00F2 che, terminata la guerra, i marinai fattisi corsari per la promessa di ricchezze e prestigio si dedicassero alla pirateria. La lettera di corsa proteggeva i corsari dalle accuse di pirateria, ma in pratica la legalit\u00E0 e lo status dei corsari potevano essere vaghi. A seconda del sovrano specifico e del periodo storico, le lettere potevano essere emesse in fretta ed in gran quantit\u00E0. I corsari stessi spesso intrapresero azioni che andarono oltre quanto autorizzato nella commissione, anche dopo la sua scadenza, pur rischiando, in questo caso, l'accusa di pirateria."@it . . . . . . . . "Kortsario"@eu . . . . . . . "\u041A\u043E\u0440\u0441\u0430\u0440\u0438"@uk . . "Kortsarioa gobernu baten baimena duen itsas-lapur edo pirata da. XVI. eta XIX. mendeen artean Europako herrialde askok \"erreplesalia gutunak\" (kortso agiriak) banatu zizkieten beren kapitainei, zeinetan herrialde etsaien merkatari ontziei eraso egiteko eta bertako zama lapurtzeko oniritzia ulertzen zen."@eu . . . . . "Corsario (del lat\u00EDn cursus, \u00ABcarrera\u00BB) era el nombre que se atribu\u00EDa al que practicaba la guerra de corso, y el t\u00E9rmino pod\u00EDa referirse tanto a los marinos como a los buques, ya sean de las armadas o de particulares, quienes adquir\u00EDan la condici\u00F3n militar en virtud del permiso concedido por un gobierno en una carta de marca o patente de corso.\u200B El corso tiene similitud con la pirater\u00EDa, pero lo diferencia que el corso es legal para y por su gobierno. Algunos gobiernos consideraban piratas a los corsarios de otras naciones."@es . . . "Um corso ou cors\u00E1rio (do italiano \"corsaro\": comandante de navio que ataca navios) era algu\u00E9m que, por miss\u00E3o ou atrav\u00E9s da carta de corso (ou carta de marca) de um governo, autorizado a pilhar navios de outra na\u00E7\u00E3o, aproveitando o fato de as transa\u00E7\u00F5es comerciais basearem-se, na \u00E9poca, na transfer\u00EAncia material das riquezas. Teoricamente, \u00E9 um pirata legalizado, reconhecido como pela lei internacional. Os corsos eram usados como um meio f\u00E1cil e barato para enfraquecer o inimigo, por perturbar as suas rotas mar\u00EDtimas. Com os corsos, os pa\u00EDses podiam enfraquecer os seus inimigos sem ter de arcar com os custos relacionados com a manuten\u00E7\u00E3o e constru\u00E7\u00E3o naval. Sempre que um navio corso fosse capturado, este tinha de ser levado a um Tribunal Almirantado, onde tentava assegurar de que era um verdadeiro corso. Contudo, era comum os corsos serem apresados e executados como piratas pelas na\u00E7\u00F5es inimigas. Grande parte das vezes os piratas, quando apanhados pela suposta v\u00EDtima, tentavam usar uma carta de corso ilegal. Por vezes, no seu pa\u00EDs de origem, os corsos eram considerados aut\u00EAnticos her\u00F3is, tal como Sir Francis Drake, que, gra\u00E7as aos fabulosos tesouros que arrecadou para a Inglaterra, foi tornado Cavaleiro por Isabel I de Inglaterra. Um disc\u00EDpulo famoso de Sir Francis Drake (O El Drag\u00F3n, como era chamado entre os espanh\u00F3is), foi Sir Thomas Cavendish, outro importante cors\u00E1rio e circum-navegador brit\u00E2nico. Cavendish atacou cidades brasileiras como Santos, S\u00E3o Vicente, Ilha Grande e Vit\u00F3ria do Esp\u00EDrito Santo. J\u00E1 durante as cruzadas, os cors\u00E1rios sarracenos eram chamados pelos cruzados de \"cors\u00E1rios berberes\". Estes cors\u00E1rios estavam autorizados pelos seu governos a pilhar as rotas mar\u00EDtimas dos pa\u00EDses crist\u00E3os. Inicialmente, os cors\u00E1rios malteses lutavam pela religi\u00E3o, mas, algum tempo depois, as crescentes recompensas da pirataria atra\u00EDram mais. Rapidamente, os cors\u00E1rios malteses se tornaram piratas experientes, sem interesse nos ideais religiosos."@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u79C1\u63A0\u8239\uFF08\u3057\u308A\u3083\u304F\u305B\u3093\u3001\u82F1: Privateer, \u4ECF: Corsaire\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u6226\u4E89\u72B6\u614B\u306B\u3042\u308B\u4E00\u56FD\u306E\u653F\u5E9C\u304B\u3089\u3001\u305D\u306E\u6575\u56FD\u306E\u8239\u3092\u653B\u6483\u3057\u305D\u306E\u8239\u3084\u7A4D\u307F\u8377\u3001\u8377\u7269\u3092\u596A\u3046\u8A31\u53EF\uFF08\u79C1\u63A0\u514D\u8A31\uFF09\u3092\u5F97\u305F\u500B\u4EBA\u306E\u8239\u3067\u3042\u308A\u3001\u6D77\u8CCA\u8239\u306E\u4E00\u7A2E\u3068\u3082\u8A00\u3048\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . . . . "Corsaire"@fr . . . . . . . . . . . "Kaper (l. mn. kaprowie, kaprzy) \u2013 armator lub dow\u00F3dca, r\u00F3wnie\u017C cz\u0142onek za\u0142ogi uzbrojonego statku handlowego, walcz\u0105cy na w\u0142asny koszt i ryzyko w s\u0142u\u017Cbie swego mocodawcy prowadz\u0105cego wojn\u0119 na morzu. Mocodawca zapewnia\u0142 kaprowi ochron\u0119 prawn\u0105 (w tym prawo p\u0142ywania pod jego bander\u0105) oraz prawo do zachowania wi\u0119kszo\u015Bci zysk\u00F3w."@pl . . "Kaapvaart was een vorm van zeeroverij in oorlogstijd. Een kaper-kapitein van een (particulier) schip kreeg toestemming van een land om schepen van vijandige landen aan te vallen en hun lading in beslag te nemen. Deze toestemming heette een kaperbrief. Een (groot) deel van de van deze kaapvaart moest de kaper afstaan aan het land dat hem die toestemming had verleend."@nl . . . . . . . . . . . . "Cors\u00E1rio"@pt . . . . . . . . . "24882"^^ . . . . . "1117636301"^^ . "Els corsaris eren mariners als quals un estat havia concedit una patent de cors. Aquest document els autoritzava a atacar els vaixells de pa\u00EFsos enemics i apoderar-se de la nau i de la seva c\u00E0rrega. En molts casos aquesta activitat era complement\u00E0ria del tr\u00E0nsit comercial per\u00F2, en altres, va arribar a ser m\u00E9s important que la primera, acabant amb dedicaci\u00F3 exclusiva al cors. El corsari es diferenciava del pirata en qu\u00E8 no atacava qualsevol vaixell, com aquest \u00FAltim, sin\u00F3 \u00FAnicament aquells que la seva patent autoritzava i mai els del mateix estat. L'activitat dels corsaris es va abolir a Europa el 16 d'abril de 1856 amb la Declaraci\u00F3 de Par\u00EDs, un document annex al Tractat de Par\u00EDs (1856) que posava fi a la Guerra de Crimea, per\u00F2 que mai no va ser ratificat pels Estats Units, Espanya ni M\u00E8xic. Tamb\u00E9 es va utilitzar durant la Segona Guerra Mundial per la Kriegsmarine."@ca . "Privateer"@in . . "Korsar\u015Dipo estis privata milit\u015Dipo, kiun la registaro de iu lando rajtigis per oficiala letero ataki fremdajn \u015Dipojn. Ano de korsar\u015Dipo nomi\u011Das korsaro. Korsareco estas ofte priskribita kiel formo de la\u016Dle\u011Da, a\u016D e\u0109 bona pirateco. La\u016D strikta le\u011Da vidpunkto, korsaro rajtis ataki alilandajn \u015Dipojn nur okaze de milito. Diversaj \u015Dtatoj tamen kura\u011Digis atakojn kontra\u016D aliaj \u015Diparoj e\u0109 en paca periodo, a\u016D kontra\u016D ne\u016Dtralaj \u015Dipoj dum milito, tiel malprecizigante la limon inter korsareco kaj pirateco. Korsaroj estis akceptitaj partoprenantoj al surmaraj militoj ekde la 16-a \u011Dis la 19-a jarcento, kaj estis aprobitaj de \u0109iuj plej gravaj \u015Diparoj. Per la kosto de la korsaraj \u015Dipoj \u015Dar\u011Dis sin privataj investistoj, kiuj kompense esperis profiti el la predoj de la korsaro. La en 1856 egaligis korsarecon al pirateco kaj tiel \u011Din."@eo . . . . . . "Corsario (del lat\u00EDn cursus, \u00ABcarrera\u00BB) era el nombre que se atribu\u00EDa al que practicaba la guerra de corso, y el t\u00E9rmino pod\u00EDa referirse tanto a los marinos como a los buques, ya sean de las armadas o de particulares, quienes adquir\u00EDan la condici\u00F3n militar en virtud del permiso concedido por un gobierno en una carta de marca o patente de corso.\u200B El corso tiene similitud con la pirater\u00EDa, pero lo diferencia que el corso es legal para y por su gobierno. Algunos gobiernos consideraban piratas a los corsarios de otras naciones."@es . . "Privateering and Piracy in the Colonial Period: Illustrative Documents"@en . . . . . . "\u79C1\u63A0\u8239\uFF08\u3057\u308A\u3083\u304F\u305B\u3093\u3001\u82F1: Privateer, \u4ECF: Corsaire\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u6226\u4E89\u72B6\u614B\u306B\u3042\u308B\u4E00\u56FD\u306E\u653F\u5E9C\u304B\u3089\u3001\u305D\u306E\u6575\u56FD\u306E\u8239\u3092\u653B\u6483\u3057\u305D\u306E\u8239\u3084\u7A4D\u307F\u8377\u3001\u8377\u7269\u3092\u596A\u3046\u8A31\u53EF\uFF08\u79C1\u63A0\u514D\u8A31\uFF09\u3092\u5F97\u305F\u500B\u4EBA\u306E\u8239\u3067\u3042\u308A\u3001\u6D77\u8CCA\u8239\u306E\u4E00\u7A2E\u3068\u3082\u8A00\u3048\u308B\u3002"@ja . "Un corsaire est une personne, le plus souvent l'armateur, le capitaine ou le membre de l'\u00E9quipage d'un navire civil arm\u00E9, autoris\u00E9e par une lettre de marque (\u00E9galement appel\u00E9e \u00AB lettre de commission \u00BB ou \u00AB lettre de course \u00BB) \u00E0 attaquer en temps de guerre tout navire battant pavillon d'\u00C9tats ennemis, particuli\u00E8rement son trafic marchand, laissant \u00E0 la flotte de guerre le soin de s'attaquer aux objectifs militaires. Les corsaires ne doivent donc pas \u00EAtre confondus avec les pirates puisqu'ils exercent leur activit\u00E9 selon les lois de la guerre, uniquement en temps de guerre et avec l'autorisation de leur gouvernement. Captur\u00E9s, ils ont droit au statut de prisonnier de guerre. Cette forme de guerre navale est appel\u00E9e \u00AB guerre de course \u00BB. Le terme \u00AB corsaire \u00BB d\u00E9signe le marin mais aussi le bateau."@fr . "A privateer is a private person or ship that engages in maritime warfare under a commission of war. Since robbery under arms was a common aspect of seaborne trade, until the early 19th century all merchant ships carried arms. A sovereign or delegated authority issued commissions, also referred to as a letter of marque, during wartime. The commission empowered the holder to carry on all forms of hostility permissible at sea by the usages of war. This included attacking foreign vessels and taking them as prizes, and taking prize crews as prisoners for exchange. Captured ships were subject to condemnation and sale under prize law, with the proceeds divided by percentage between the privateer's sponsors, shipowners, captains and crew. A percentage share usually went to the issuer of the commis"@en . . "Kaapvaart was een vorm van zeeroverij in oorlogstijd. Een kaper-kapitein van een (particulier) schip kreeg toestemming van een land om schepen van vijandige landen aan te vallen en hun lading in beslag te nemen. Deze toestemming heette een kaperbrief. Een (groot) deel van de van deze kaapvaart moest de kaper afstaan aan het land dat hem die toestemming had verleend."@nl . . "Corsaro"@it . . "Privateer"@en . . "\u041A\u0430\u043F\u0435\u0440\u044B"@ru . . . "Sebuah privateer adalah orang pribadi atau kapal yang terlibat dalam perang maritim di bawah suatu komisi perang. Komisi tersebut, yang juga dikenal sebagai , memberi wewenang kepada orang tersebut untuk melakukan segala bentuk permusuhan yang diperbolehkan di laut dengan penggunaan perang, termasuk menyerang kapal asing selama masa perang dan merebut mereka sebagai kapal rampasan. Kapal yang ditawan dikenai hukuman dan penjualan menurut , dengan hasil dibagi antara para sponsor privateer, pemilik kapal, kapten, dan awak kapal. Suatu persentase pembagian biasanya untuk penerbit komisi. Karena perompakan di bawah tangan biasa terjadi dalam perdagangan di luar negeri, semua kapal dagang sudah dipersenjatai. Selama perang, sumber daya angkatan laut menjadi pelengkap bagi operasi di darat sehingga penggunaan privateer adalah cara untuk medukung kekuasaan negara dengan memobilisasi kapal dan pelaut bersenjata. Pada tahun 1856 melalui , Inggris Raya dan negara-negara Eropa lainnya (kecuali Spanyol) akhirnya menyatakan bahwa privateering (kegiatan privateer) merupakan kegiatan yang ilegal dan terlarang. Spanyol baru menyetujui larangan tersebut pada tahun 1908."@in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Kaper (l. mn. kaprowie, kaprzy) \u2013 armator lub dow\u00F3dca, r\u00F3wnie\u017C cz\u0142onek za\u0142ogi uzbrojonego statku handlowego, walcz\u0105cy na w\u0142asny koszt i ryzyko w s\u0142u\u017Cbie swego mocodawcy prowadz\u0105cego wojn\u0119 na morzu. Mocodawca zapewnia\u0142 kaprowi ochron\u0119 prawn\u0105 (w tym prawo p\u0142ywania pod jego bander\u0105) oraz prawo do zachowania wi\u0119kszo\u015Bci zysk\u00F3w."@pl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "A privateer is a private person or ship that engages in maritime warfare under a commission of war. Since robbery under arms was a common aspect of seaborne trade, until the early 19th century all merchant ships carried arms. A sovereign or delegated authority issued commissions, also referred to as a letter of marque, during wartime. The commission empowered the holder to carry on all forms of hostility permissible at sea by the usages of war. This included attacking foreign vessels and taking them as prizes, and taking prize crews as prisoners for exchange. Captured ships were subject to condemnation and sale under prize law, with the proceeds divided by percentage between the privateer's sponsors, shipowners, captains and crew. A percentage share usually went to the issuer of the commission (i.e. the sovereign). Privateering allowed sovereigns to raise revenue for war by mobilizing privately owned armed ships and sailors to supplement state power. For participants, privateering provided the potential for a greater income and profit than obtainable as a merchant seafarer or fisher. However, this incentive increased the risk of privateers turning to piracy when war ended. The commission usually protected privateers from accusations of piracy, but in practice the historical legality and status of privateers could be vague. Depending on the specific sovereign and the time period, commissions might be issued hastily; privateers might take actions beyond what was authorized in the commission, including after its expiry. A privateer who continued raiding after the expiration of a commission or the signing of a peace treaty could face accusations of piracy. The risk of piracy and the emergence of the modern state system of centralised military control caused the decline of privateering by the end of the 19th century."@en . . . "Un corsaire est une personne, le plus souvent l'armateur, le capitaine ou le membre de l'\u00E9quipage d'un navire civil arm\u00E9, autoris\u00E9e par une lettre de marque (\u00E9galement appel\u00E9e \u00AB lettre de commission \u00BB ou \u00AB lettre de course \u00BB) \u00E0 attaquer en temps de guerre tout navire battant pavillon d'\u00C9tats ennemis, particuli\u00E8rement son trafic marchand, laissant \u00E0 la flotte de guerre le soin de s'attaquer aux objectifs militaires. Les corsaires ne doivent donc pas \u00EAtre confondus avec les pirates puisqu'ils exercent leur activit\u00E9 selon les lois de la guerre, uniquement en temps de guerre et avec l'autorisation de leur gouvernement. Captur\u00E9s, ils ont droit au statut de prisonnier de guerre."@fr . . . . . "\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0635\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0641\u0648\u064A\u0636\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0631\u0635\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064A\u0646\u060C \u0647\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0635\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062D\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062A\u0646\u062F\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062B\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u062A\u0641\u0648\u064A\u0636\u060C \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062A \u062A\u0645\u0646\u062D\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0645\u062F\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u062D\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062C\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062A\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u062F\u0648\u0644 \u062A\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u062D\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u062F\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u062D\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0641\u0648\u064A\u0636\u060C \u062E\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062C\u0627\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0635\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062D\u0631\u064A\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0635\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062F\u0629)\u060C \u064A\u062A\u0645\u062B\u0644 \u0641\u064A \u062D\u0635\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062E\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062A\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0648 \u062D\u0635\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u062B\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u062A\u0641\u0648\u064A\u0636 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0646\u0627\u0647\u064A\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u062A\u0641\u0631\u064A\u063A \u063A\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0648\u0650\u0651\u0636\u0629\u060C \u0648 \u0627\u0642\u062A\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062F\u062A\u0647\u0627. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0635\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064A\u0646\u060C \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064A\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0649 \u062D\u0631\u0628\u060C \u0623\u062B\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0639\u062A\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0648 \u0644\u0645 \u062A\u0643\u0646 \u062A\u0633\u0631\u064A \u0639\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062D\u0631\u064A\u0629."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . "En kapare eller fribytare \u00E4r ett privat fartyg, eller en sj\u00F6man p\u00E5 ett s\u00E5dant fartyg, som seglar med ett av regeringsmyndighet utf\u00E4rdat kaparbrev i vilket denne f\u00E5tt r\u00E4tt att ta fientliga handelsfartyg och dess last i besittning. Denna typ av krigf\u00F6ring f\u00F6rbj\u00F6ds officiellt f\u00F6rst i Parisdeklarationen 1856. Numera kallas \u00E4ven den som under hot kapar till exempel trafikflygplan f\u00F6r kapare."@sv . . "\u041A\u0430\u0301\u043F\u0435\u0440\u044B (\u043D\u0435\u043C. Kaper), \u043A\u043E\u0440\u0441\u0430\u0301\u0440\u044B (\u0444\u0440. corsaire), \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0301\u0440\u044B (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. privateer) \u2014 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u043B\u0438\u0446\u0430, \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0435 \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043E\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u043E\u044E\u044E\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043E \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043F\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0437\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0432\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0451\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043D\u043E (\u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u044B\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043C\u043E\u0435 \u043A\u0430\u043F\u0435\u0440\u043E\u043C, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043E\u043C \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u0441\u0430\u0440\u043E\u043C) \u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043B\u044C\u044E \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u044B\u0445 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043B\u0435\u0439 \u043D\u0435\u043F\u0440\u0438\u044F\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044F (\u0430 \u0438\u043D\u043E\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043E\u0432 \u043D\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432). \u0422\u043E \u0436\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043A \u0447\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0430\u043C \u0438\u0445 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0434."@ru . . . . "Corsari"@ca . . . . . . . . . "\u041A\u043E\u0440\u0441\u0430\u0301\u0440\u0438 (\u043A\u0430\u0301\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0301\u0440\u0438) (\u0444\u0440. corsaire, \u043D\u0456\u043C. Kaper, \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. privateer) \u2014 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043D\u0456 \u043E\u0441\u043E\u0431\u0438, \u044F\u043A\u0456 \u0437 \u0434\u043E\u0437\u0432\u043E\u043B\u0443 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043E\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0438, \u0449\u043E \u0432\u043E\u044E\u0454, \u0432\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u043E\u0437\u0431\u0440\u043E\u0454\u043D\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043D\u043E (\u044F\u043A\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0441\u044C \u043A\u0430\u043F\u0435\u0440\u043E\u043C, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043E\u043C \u0447\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u0441\u0430\u0440\u043E\u043C) \u0437 \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u044E \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043E\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043A\u0443\u043F\u0435\u0446\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043B\u0456\u0432 \u0441\u0443\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430, \u0430 \u0443 \u043F\u0435\u0432\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u043F\u0430\u0434\u043A\u0430\u0445 \u2014 \u0456 \u043D\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432. \u0422\u0430 \u0436 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0432\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0434\u043E \u0447\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0456\u0432 \u0457\u0445 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0434. \u0407\u0445\u043D\u044C\u043E\u044E \u0433\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0432\u043D\u043E\u044E \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043C\u0456\u043D\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044E \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u0456\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0454 \u043E\u0441\u043E\u0431\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0435 \u043A\u0430\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u0446\u0442\u0432\u043E, \u043E\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0438 (\u0444\u0440. lettre de course, \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. letter of marque), \u044F\u043A\u0435, \u0437 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0431\u043E\u043A\u0443, \u0434\u043E\u0437\u0432\u043E\u043B\u044F\u043B\u043E \u0432\u043E\u044E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0443 (\u0437\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440) \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043D\u0443, \u0430 \u0437 \u0456\u043D\u0448\u043E\u0433\u043E \u2014 \u043E\u0431\u043C\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043B\u043E \u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E \u0439\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0446\u0456\u043B\u0435\u0439 \u0442\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043A\u0438 \u0432\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0436\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u043F\u043E\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0438. \u041F\u043E\u043D\u044F\u0442\u0442\u044F \u00AB\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0441\u0430\u0440\u00BB \u0443 \u0432\u0443\u0437\u044C\u043A\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u043D\u0441\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0432\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043C\u0435 \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0443\u0437\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043A\u0430\u043F\u0456\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043D."@uk . . . . . . . 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"Els corsaris eren mariners als quals un estat havia concedit una patent de cors. Aquest document els autoritzava a atacar els vaixells de pa\u00EFsos enemics i apoderar-se de la nau i de la seva c\u00E0rrega. En molts casos aquesta activitat era complement\u00E0ria del tr\u00E0nsit comercial per\u00F2, en altres, va arribar a ser m\u00E9s important que la primera, acabant amb dedicaci\u00F3 exclusiva al cors. El corsari es diferenciava del pirata en qu\u00E8 no atacava qualsevol vaixell, com aquest \u00FAltim, sin\u00F3 \u00FAnicament aquells que la seva patent autoritzava i mai els del mateix estat."@ca . . . 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Kaper), \u043A\u043E\u0440\u0441\u0430\u0301\u0440\u044B (\u0444\u0440. corsaire), \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0301\u0440\u044B (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. privateer) \u2014 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u043B\u0438\u0446\u0430, \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0435 \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043E\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u043E\u044E\u044E\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043E \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043F\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0437\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0432\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0451\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043D\u043E (\u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u044B\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043C\u043E\u0435 \u043A\u0430\u043F\u0435\u0440\u043E\u043C, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043E\u043C \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u0441\u0430\u0440\u043E\u043C) \u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043B\u044C\u044E \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u044B\u0445 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043B\u0435\u0439 \u043D\u0435\u043F\u0440\u0438\u044F\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044F (\u0430 \u0438\u043D\u043E\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043E\u0432 \u043D\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432). \u0422\u043E \u0436\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043A \u0447\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0430\u043C \u0438\u0445 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0434."@ru . . . . . . . . . "\u0642\u0631\u0635\u0646\u0629 \u062A\u0641\u0648\u064A\u0636\u064A\u0629"@ar . . . . . . . . . "Korsaro"@eo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\uC0AC\uB7B5(\u79C1\u63A0, privateering)\uC740 \uAD6D\uAC00\uB85C\uBD80\uD130 \uD2B9\uD5C8\uC7A5\uC744 \uBC1B\uC740 \uAC1C\uC778\uC774 \uC120\uBC15\uC744 \uBB34\uC7A5\uC2DC\uCF1C \uC801\uC131\uAD6D\uAC00\uC758 \uC0C1\uC120\uC744 \uB178\uB7B5\uC9C8\uD558\uB294 \uAC83\uC744 \uB73B\uD55C\uB2E4. \uC0AC\uB7B5\uC5D0 \uB3D9\uC6D0\uB418\uB294 \uC120\uBC15\uC744 \uC0AC\uB7B5\uC120(\u79C1\u63A0\u8239, privateer ship)\uC774\uB77C\uACE0 \uD55C\uB2E4. \uADFC\uC138 \uCD08\uAE30 \uC720\uB7FD \uAD6D\uAC00\uB4E4\uC740 \uC0C1\uBE44 \uD574\uAD70\uB825\uC744 \uBCF4\uCDA9\uD558\uAE30 \uC704\uD574 \uC0AC\uB7B5\uC120\uC5D0 \uAD50\uC804\uC790\uACA9\uC744 \uBD80\uC5EC\uD588\uB2E4. \uC0AC\uB7B5\uC120\uC740 \uC138\uAE08\uC744 \uC4F0\uC9C0 \uC54A\uACE0 \uBB34\uC7A5\uD55C \uC120\uBC15\uACFC \uC120\uC6D0\uC744 \uB3D9\uC6D0\uD558\uB294\uB370 \uC0AC\uC6A9\uB410\uB2E4. \uC0AC\uB7B5\uC120\uB4E4\uC740 \uD574\uAD70\uB825\uC774 \uC57D\uD55C \uB098\uB77C\uB098, \uBB34\uC5ED\uC5D0 \uC758\uC874\uD558\uB294 \uC801\uACFC \uB9C8\uC8FC\uD55C \uAD6D\uAC00\uC5D0 \uB3C4\uC6C0\uC774 \uB410\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB4E4\uC740 \uC801\uC758 \uC0C1\uC5C5\uC744 \uAD50\uB780\uC2DC\uD0A4\uACE0, \uC801\uAD6D\uC73C\uB85C \uD558\uC5EC\uAE08 \uB354 \uB9CE\uC740 \uC804\uD568\uC744 \uBC30\uCE58\uD558\uB3C4\uB85D \uD588\uB2E4. \uC5ED\uC0AC\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uC0AC\uB7B5\uC5C5\uC790\uB4E4\uACFC \uD574\uC801\uB4E4\uC758 \uD589\uC704\uB294 \uC2E4\uC9C8\uC801\uC778 \uCC28\uC6D0\uC5D0\uC11C \uD070 \uCC28\uC774\uAC00 \uC5C6\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uB458 \uBAA8\uB450 \uC2B5\uACA9\uACFC \uC57D\uD0C8\uC744 \uD588\uB2E4\uB294 \uC810\uC5D0\uC120 \uB3D9\uC77C\uD588\uB2E4. \uC0AC\uB7B5\uC120\uC740 \uD574\uC801\uC120\uACFC \uB2EC\uB9AC \uAD6D\uAC00\uB85C\uBD80\uD130 \uAD8C\uD55C\uC744 \uBC1B\uC544 \uD569\uBC95\uC801 \uD65C\uB3D9\uC744 \uD588\uB2E4\uB294 \uCC28\uC774\uAC00 \uC788\uC744 \uBFD0\uC774\uB2E4. \uC624\uB79C \uAE30\uAC04\uB3D9\uC548 \uC5EC\uB7EC \uC815\uAD8C\uC740 \uC0AC\uB7B5\uD65C\uB3D9\uC744 \uD5C8\uC6A9\uD574 \uC654\uACE0, (\uC900)\uD574\uC801\uB4E4\uC740 \uD569\uBC95\uC758 \uBBF8\uBA85 \uC544\uB798 \uD65C\uB3D9\uC744 \uD560 \uC218 \uC788\uC5C8\uB2E4. 1856\uB144 \uC744 \uD1B5\uD574 \uC5D0\uC2A4\uD30C\uB0D0\uB97C \uC81C\uC678\uD55C \uAD6D\uAC00\uB4E4\uC740 \uC0AC\uB7B5\uC81C\uB3C4\uB97C \uD3D0\uC9C0\uD558\uC600\uACE0, \uC774\uB294 1907\uB144 \uD5E4\uC774\uADF8\uC5D0\uC11C \uC5F4\uB9B0 \uC81C2\uCC28 \uB9CC\uAD6D\uD3C9\uD654\uD68C\uC758\uC5D0\uC11C \uAD6D\uC81C\uBC95\uC0C1 \uC6D0\uCE59\uC774 \uB410\uB2E4."@ko . . . "Korz\u00E1r (franc. corsaire z lat. cursarius tj. \"n\u00E1jezdn\u00EDk\") \u010Di privat\u00FDr (angl. privateer) nebo kaper (holand.) je jinak soukrom\u00E1 osoba, kter\u00E1 obdr\u017Eela od sv\u00E9 vl\u00E1dy ofici\u00E1ln\u00ED pov\u011B\u0159en\u00ED k veden\u00ED ko\u0159istnick\u00E9 \u010Dinnosti na mo\u0159i. Ta spo\u010D\u00EDvala v napad\u00E1n\u00ED obchodn\u00EDch lod\u00ED nep\u0159\u00E1telsk\u00E9 mocnosti a jejich zaj\u00EDm\u00E1n\u00ED. Svou \u010Dinnost provozovala vlastn\u00ED lod\u00ED a zisk z n\u00ED byl bu\u010F jej\u00EDm vlastnictv\u00EDm, nebo se o n\u011Bj d\u011Blila dohodnut\u00FDm zp\u016Fsobem s vystavovatelem tzv. kapersk\u00E9ho (lapa\u010Dsk\u00E9ho) listu (franc. lettre de marque). Ko\u0159ist podl\u00E9hala potvrzen\u00ED st\u00E1tn\u00EDho \u00FA\u0159adu, v Anglii ko\u0159istn\u00EDm soudem (angl. prize court). Korz\u00E1rsk\u00E9 lod\u011B nebyly pova\u017Eov\u00E1ny za sou\u010D\u00E1st ozbrojen\u00FDch sil dan\u00E9ho st\u00E1tu. Korz\u00E1rstv\u00ED vzniklo v 16. stolet\u00ED a ofici\u00E1ln\u011B bylo zak\u00E1z\u00E1no Pa\u0159\u00ED\u017Eskou deklarac\u00ED o n\u00E1mo\u0159n\u00EDm pr\u00E1vu, kter\u00E1 byla p\u0159ijata roku 1856 na konan\u00E9m po krymsk\u00E9 v\u00E1lce. Slovem kaper nebo korz\u00E1r je \u010Dasto ozna\u010Dov\u00E1na tak\u00E9 samotn\u00E1 lo\u010F. Za v\u00E1lky korz\u00E1\u0159i napadali obchodn\u00ED lodi a kolonie protivn\u00EDka. P\u0159i vz\u00E1jemn\u00E9m politick\u00E9m nap\u011Bt\u00ED mezi st\u00E1ty n\u011Bkdy pokra\u010Dovali v akc\u00EDch i v dob\u011B trvaj\u00EDc\u00EDho m\u00EDru. Hlavn\u00ED rozd\u00EDl mezi pir\u00E1tem a kaperem byl p\u0159edpoklad, \u017Ee svoji \u010Dinnost vyv\u00EDj\u00ED nikoli na z\u00E1klad\u011B finan\u010Dn\u00ED motivace, ale na z\u00E1klad\u011B vlastenectv\u00ED, z toho se pak odv\u00EDjel pr\u00E1vn\u00ED n\u00E1hled na tuto problematiku, kdy na zajat\u00E9 kapery m\u011Blo b\u00FDt pohl\u00ED\u017Eeno jako na v\u00E1le\u010Dn\u00E9 zajatce. To se zpravidla ned\u011Blo, ale lod\u011B neutr\u00E1ln\u00EDch st\u00E1t\u016F nebyly napad\u00E1ny a ty pak na kapery nepohl\u00ED\u017Eely jako na pir\u00E1ty. V\u00FDjimku z tohoto pravidla \u010Dinila lo\u010F maj\u00EDc\u00ED v\u00EDce kapersk\u00FDch osv\u011Bd\u010Den\u00ED ze zem\u00ED, kter\u00E9 nebyly ve vojensk\u00E9 koalici."@cs . . . . "Kortsarioa gobernu baten baimena duen itsas-lapur edo pirata da. XVI. eta XIX. mendeen artean Europako herrialde askok \"erreplesalia gutunak\" (kortso agiriak) banatu zizkieten beren kapitainei, zeinetan herrialde etsaien merkatari ontziei eraso egiteko eta bertako zama lapurtzeko oniritzia ulertzen zen. Mediterraneo itsasoan itsasgizon berbereak nabarmendu ziren egiteko horretan eta ingelesak eta holandarrak Atlantikoan. Frantziako eta Espainiako koroek, adibidez, korso agiri ugari eman zuten Ipar eta Hego Euskal Herriko itsasontzien artean. Ipar Euskal Herriko kortsarioak izan ziren, euskaldunen arteko ospetsuenak XVII. mendearen bukaeratik XIX. mendearen hasiera arte (Hendaia, Ziburu, Donibane Lohizune eta Baionako portuetako ontziak)."@eu . . "\u79C1\u63A0\u8239"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "50767"^^ . "Um corso ou cors\u00E1rio (do italiano \"corsaro\": comandante de navio que ataca navios) era algu\u00E9m que, por miss\u00E3o ou atrav\u00E9s da carta de corso (ou carta de marca) de um governo, autorizado a pilhar navios de outra na\u00E7\u00E3o, aproveitando o fato de as transa\u00E7\u00F5es comerciais basearem-se, na \u00E9poca, na transfer\u00EAncia material das riquezas. Teoricamente, \u00E9 um pirata legalizado, reconhecido como pela lei internacional."@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\uC0AC\uB7B5(\u79C1\u63A0, privateering)\uC740 \uAD6D\uAC00\uB85C\uBD80\uD130 \uD2B9\uD5C8\uC7A5\uC744 \uBC1B\uC740 \uAC1C\uC778\uC774 \uC120\uBC15\uC744 \uBB34\uC7A5\uC2DC\uCF1C \uC801\uC131\uAD6D\uAC00\uC758 \uC0C1\uC120\uC744 \uB178\uB7B5\uC9C8\uD558\uB294 \uAC83\uC744 \uB73B\uD55C\uB2E4. \uC0AC\uB7B5\uC5D0 \uB3D9\uC6D0\uB418\uB294 \uC120\uBC15\uC744 \uC0AC\uB7B5\uC120(\u79C1\u63A0\u8239, privateer ship)\uC774\uB77C\uACE0 \uD55C\uB2E4. \uADFC\uC138 \uCD08\uAE30 \uC720\uB7FD \uAD6D\uAC00\uB4E4\uC740 \uC0C1\uBE44 \uD574\uAD70\uB825\uC744 \uBCF4\uCDA9\uD558\uAE30 \uC704\uD574 \uC0AC\uB7B5\uC120\uC5D0 \uAD50\uC804\uC790\uACA9\uC744 \uBD80\uC5EC\uD588\uB2E4. \uC0AC\uB7B5\uC120\uC740 \uC138\uAE08\uC744 \uC4F0\uC9C0 \uC54A\uACE0 \uBB34\uC7A5\uD55C \uC120\uBC15\uACFC \uC120\uC6D0\uC744 \uB3D9\uC6D0\uD558\uB294\uB370 \uC0AC\uC6A9\uB410\uB2E4. \uC0AC\uB7B5\uC120\uB4E4\uC740 \uD574\uAD70\uB825\uC774 \uC57D\uD55C \uB098\uB77C\uB098, \uBB34\uC5ED\uC5D0 \uC758\uC874\uD558\uB294 \uC801\uACFC \uB9C8\uC8FC\uD55C \uAD6D\uAC00\uC5D0 \uB3C4\uC6C0\uC774 \uB410\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB4E4\uC740 \uC801\uC758 \uC0C1\uC5C5\uC744 \uAD50\uB780\uC2DC\uD0A4\uACE0, \uC801\uAD6D\uC73C\uB85C \uD558\uC5EC\uAE08 \uB354 \uB9CE\uC740 \uC804\uD568\uC744 \uBC30\uCE58\uD558\uB3C4\uB85D \uD588\uB2E4. \uC5ED\uC0AC\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uC0AC\uB7B5\uC5C5\uC790\uB4E4\uACFC \uD574\uC801\uB4E4\uC758 \uD589\uC704\uB294 \uC2E4\uC9C8\uC801\uC778 \uCC28\uC6D0\uC5D0\uC11C \uD070 \uCC28\uC774\uAC00 \uC5C6\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uB458 \uBAA8\uB450 \uC2B5\uACA9\uACFC \uC57D\uD0C8\uC744 \uD588\uB2E4\uB294 \uC810\uC5D0\uC120 \uB3D9\uC77C\uD588\uB2E4. \uC0AC\uB7B5\uC120\uC740 \uD574\uC801\uC120\uACFC \uB2EC\uB9AC \uAD6D\uAC00\uB85C\uBD80\uD130 \uAD8C\uD55C\uC744 \uBC1B\uC544 \uD569\uBC95\uC801 \uD65C\uB3D9\uC744 \uD588\uB2E4\uB294 \uCC28\uC774\uAC00 \uC788\uC744 \uBFD0\uC774\uB2E4. \uC624\uB79C \uAE30\uAC04\uB3D9\uC548 \uC5EC\uB7EC \uC815\uAD8C\uC740 \uC0AC\uB7B5\uD65C\uB3D9\uC744 \uD5C8\uC6A9\uD574 \uC654\uACE0, (\uC900)\uD574\uC801\uB4E4\uC740 \uD569\uBC95\uC758 \uBBF8\uBA85 \uC544\uB798 \uD65C\uB3D9\uC744 \uD560 \uC218 \uC788\uC5C8\uB2E4. 1856\uB144 \uC744 \uD1B5\uD574 \uC5D0\uC2A4\uD30C\uB0D0\uB97C \uC81C\uC678\uD55C \uAD6D\uAC00\uB4E4\uC740 \uC0AC\uB7B5\uC81C\uB3C4\uB97C \uD3D0\uC9C0\uD558\uC600\uACE0, \uC774\uB294 1907\uB144 \uD5E4\uC774\uADF8\uC5D0\uC11C \uC5F4\uB9B0 \uC81C2\uCC28 \uB9CC\uAD6D\uD3C9\uD654\uD68C\uC758\uC5D0\uC11C \uAD6D\uC81C\uBC95\uC0C1 \uC6D0\uCE59\uC774 \uB410\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . . "\u79C1\u63A0"@zh . . . . . . . . . "Corsario"@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u039A\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03C3\u03AC\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2"@el . . "72361"^^ . . . "\u039A\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03C3\u03AC\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2 \u03BF\u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03B1\u03B6\u03CC\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC \u03C4\u03BF \u039C\u03B5\u03C3\u03B1\u03AF\u03C9\u03BD\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03C0\u03C1\u03CE\u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03B1\u03B9\u03CE\u03BD\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C3\u03CD\u03B3\u03C7\u03C1\u03BF\u03BD\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B5\u03C0\u03BF\u03C7\u03AE\u03C2, \u03BF \u03B9\u03B4\u03B9\u03CE\u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C3\u03B5 \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03AF\u03BF\u03B4\u03BF \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03AD\u03BC\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BB\u03AC\u03BC\u03B2\u03B1\u03BD\u03B5 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03B9\u03C2 \u03BD\u03CC\u03BC\u03B9\u03BC\u03B5\u03C2 \u03B1\u03C1\u03C7\u03AD\u03C2 \u03B5\u03BD\u03CC\u03C2 \u03BA\u03C1\u03AC\u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF \u03B4\u03B9\u03BA\u03B1\u03AF\u03C9\u03BC\u03B1 \u03BD\u03B1 \u03BB\u03B1\u03C6\u03C5\u03C1\u03B1\u03B3\u03C9\u03B3\u03B5\u03AF \u03B5\u03BC\u03C0\u03BF\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03C0\u03BB\u03BF\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03AD\u03C6\u03B5\u03C1\u03B1\u03BD \u03B5\u03C7\u03B8\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C3\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1\u03AF\u03B1. \u0397 \u03C0\u03C1\u03AC\u03BE\u03B7 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BB\u03B1\u03C6\u03C5\u03C1\u03B1\u03B3\u03CE\u03B3\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C5\u03C0' \u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03AD\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B9\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03B8\u03AE\u03BA\u03B5\u03C2 \u03BF\u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03B1\u03B6\u03CC\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03BA\u03BF\u03CD\u03C1\u03C3\u03B1, \u03CC\u03C0\u03C9\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B1 \u03BB\u03AC\u03C6\u03C5\u03C1\u03B1. \u039F\u03B9 \u03BA\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03C3\u03AC\u03C1\u03BF\u03B9 \u03C4\u03AD\u03B8\u03B7\u03BA\u03B1\u03BD \u03B5\u03BA\u03C4\u03CC\u03C2 \u03BD\u03CC\u03BC\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC \u03C4\u03BF \u0394\u03B9\u03B5\u03B8\u03BD\u03AD\u03C2 \u0394\u03AF\u03BA\u03B1\u03B9\u03BF \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7 (1856), \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03B1 \u03BF\u03B9 \u039C\u03B5\u03B3\u03AC\u03BB\u03B5\u03C2 \u0394\u03C5\u03BD\u03AC\u03BC\u03B5\u03B9\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B5\u03C0\u03BF\u03C7\u03AE\u03C2 \u03B8\u03AD\u03C3\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03B1\u03BD \u03BD\u03AD\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03BD\u03CC\u03BD\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7 \u039D\u03B1\u03C5\u03C3\u03B9\u03C0\u03BB\u03BF\u0390\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03BE\u03CD \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03CC. \u0395\u03BA\u03B5\u03AF \u03C3\u03C5\u03BC\u03C6\u03C9\u03BD\u03AE\u03B8\u03B7\u03BA\u03B5 \u03B7 \u03B1\u03BC\u03BF\u03B9\u03B2\u03B1\u03AF\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC\u03C1\u03B3\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BA\u03BF\u03CD\u03C1\u03C3\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C9\u03C2 \u03B8\u03B5\u03C3\u03BC\u03BF\u03CD \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC\u03C3\u03C0\u03B1\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BB\u03B5\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u03B4\u03B9\u03B7\u03BD\u03B5\u03BA\u03AD\u03C2."@el . . . . . . . "Korsar\u015Dipo estis privata milit\u015Dipo, kiun la registaro de iu lando rajtigis per oficiala letero ataki fremdajn \u015Dipojn. Ano de korsar\u015Dipo nomi\u011Das korsaro. Korsareco estas ofte priskribita kiel formo de la\u016Dle\u011Da, a\u016D e\u0109 bona pirateco. La\u016D strikta le\u011Da vidpunkto, korsaro rajtis ataki alilandajn \u015Dipojn nur okaze de milito. Diversaj \u015Dtatoj tamen kura\u011Digis atakojn kontra\u016D aliaj \u015Diparoj e\u0109 en paca periodo, a\u016D kontra\u016D ne\u016Dtralaj \u015Dipoj dum milito, tiel malprecizigante la limon inter korsareco kaj pirateco. La en 1856 egaligis korsarecon al pirateco kaj tiel \u011Din."@eo . . "Kaapvaart"@nl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Un corsaro era un privato cittadino che, munito dal governo di uno Stato di un'apposita autorizzazione formale, detta \"lettera di corsa\", in cambio della cessione allo stesso di parte dei guadagni conseguiti, era autorizzato ad assalire e rapinare le navi mercantili delle nazioni nemiche. Per quanto, specie nella cultura di massa, i termini \"corsaro\", \"pirata\" o \"bucaniere\" siano spesso accumunati, il corsaro era in realt\u00E0 un pirata mercenario e, a differenza degli altri, non era considerato un fuorilegge."@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\uC0AC\uB7B5"@ko . . . 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