"Mutualismo (movimiento)"@es . . . . "Le mutualisme d\u00E9signe un mod\u00E8le socio\u00E9conomique fond\u00E9 sur la mutualit\u00E9, action de pr\u00E9voyance collective par laquelle des personnes se regroupent pour s'assurer mutuellement contre des risques sociaux (maladie, accident du travail, ch\u00F4mage, d\u00E9c\u00E8s...). Plusieurs familles de pens\u00E9e ou tendances politiques ont conceptualis\u00E9 des pens\u00E9es et d\u00E9velopp\u00E9 des actions autour de la mutualit\u00E9. Le Mutuellisme inspir\u00E9 de Proudhon, et le solidarisme promu par L\u00E9on Bourgeois en sont deux exemples. Si l'on retrouve quelques traces d'actions de secours mutuels dans l'antiquit\u00E9, l'histoire du Mutualisme en France remonte plus surement au Moyen-\u00E2ge avec les Guildes, les Confr\u00E9ries, les jurandes, les Corporations et le Compagnonnage. Avec l'av\u00E8nement du si\u00E8cle des lumi\u00E8res, ces groupements, mouvements, inspir\u00E9s "@fr . . . . . . . . "Mutualism, also known as the movement of mutuals and the mutualist movement, is a social movement that aims at creating and promoting mutual organizations, mutual insurances and mutual funds. According to the prominent mutualist Gene Costa, the movement encourages and assists the provision of mutual benefits against risks to those accessing its funds and or the elevation of their material and spiritual living standards by regular payment or contribution. Institutionalized through mutual funds, mutualism has been universally recognized as a generator or embryo of classical forecast and modern social security systems and currently coexists with them. Although the fall in the popularity of mutual funds in many social environments coincided with the start of public social security system in th"@en . . . "1089058723"^^ . "29348290"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "El mutualismo, movimiento mutualista o movimiento de mutualidades es aquel movimiento social que est\u00E1 encaminado a la creaci\u00F3n y fomento de las mutualidades.\u200B\u200B El movimiento anima y asesora a quienes accedan a brindarse prestaciones mutuas frente a riesgos eventuales o para elevar su bienestar material y espiritual, mediante un pago o contribuci\u00F3n peri\u00F3dica. El mutualismo, institucionalizado a trav\u00E9s de las mutualidades, ha sido reconocido universalmente como generador o embri\u00F3n de la previsi\u00F3n cl\u00E1sica y de los modernos sistemas de seguridad social, y en la actualidad coexiste con estos.\u200B\u200B\u200B\u200B Aunque la ca\u00EDda en la popularidad del mutualismo en muchos ambientes sociales coincidi\u00F3 con el inicio del sistema de seguridad social p\u00FAblica, en las primeras d\u00E9cadas del siglo XX. Originado como una adaptaci\u00F3n del sistema gremial (ver: guildas, montep\u00EDos) en el siglo XVIII y difundido ampliamente durante el siglo XIX,\u200B\u200B en la actualidad existen alrededor del mundo m\u00FAltiples asociaciones mutualistas integradas a la sociedad moderna.\u200B\u200B En el presente el mutualismo est\u00E1 ligado a empresas financieras,\u200B a aseguradoras,\u200B cooperativas, entidades de fomento de la econom\u00EDa solidaria,\u200B gremios y movimientos religiosos. El movimiento mutualista tiene como se\u00F1a caracter\u00EDstica la neutralidad institucional: pol\u00EDtica, religiosa, racial y gremial. El movimiento de mutuales y el movimiento de cooperativas tienen varios puntos en com\u00FAn, alrededor de la idea de ayuda mutua profesional.\u200B\u200B"@es . . "Le mutualisme d\u00E9signe un mod\u00E8le socio\u00E9conomique fond\u00E9 sur la mutualit\u00E9, action de pr\u00E9voyance collective par laquelle des personnes se regroupent pour s'assurer mutuellement contre des risques sociaux (maladie, accident du travail, ch\u00F4mage, d\u00E9c\u00E8s...). Plusieurs familles de pens\u00E9e ou tendances politiques ont conceptualis\u00E9 des pens\u00E9es et d\u00E9velopp\u00E9 des actions autour de la mutualit\u00E9. Le Mutuellisme inspir\u00E9 de Proudhon, et le solidarisme promu par L\u00E9on Bourgeois en sont deux exemples. Si l'on retrouve quelques traces d'actions de secours mutuels dans l'antiquit\u00E9, l'histoire du Mutualisme en France remonte plus surement au Moyen-\u00E2ge avec les Guildes, les Confr\u00E9ries, les jurandes, les Corporations et le Compagnonnage. Avec l'av\u00E8nement du si\u00E8cle des lumi\u00E8res, ces groupements, mouvements, inspir\u00E9s du principe de solidarit\u00E9 se d\u00E9tachent de la charit\u00E9 pour donner forme aux soci\u00E9t\u00E9s de secours mutuel qui se d\u00E9veloppent concomitamment \u00E0 la R\u00E9volution industrielle. Lib\u00E9r\u00E9es de leur suj\u00E9tion au pouvoir politique, se d\u00E9veloppant d'abord en marge voire en opposition aux syndicats ainsi qu'aux assurances, les mutuelles proprement dites s'organisent dans un cadre juridique plusieurs fois remani\u00E9 concr\u00E9tis\u00E9 en France par le Code de la mutualit\u00E9. Actuellement[Quand ?] en France, le mutualisme s'inscrit dans le large mouvement d'\u00E9conomie sociale et solidaire qui promeut ces mutuelles \u00E0 but non lucratif, tandis qu'une confusion s'observe entre celles-ci et typiquement les soci\u00E9t\u00E9s d'assurance mutuelle, \u00E0 but lucratif."@fr . . . . . . . "3660"^^ . . . "Mutualismo \u00E9 um sistema privado de prote\u00E7\u00E3o social que visa criar e promover organiza\u00E7\u00F5es de pol\u00EDtica mutualista, sociedades de seguros mutualistas e mutualistas. O Mutualismo foi precursor do moderno sistema de seguros, cujos princ\u00EDpios assentam na reciprocidade dos servi\u00E7os e na entreajuda. Consubstancia-se na exist\u00EAncia de um fundo comum para o qual todos convergem mediante contribui\u00E7\u00F5es ou quotas, de modo a permitir, de forma previdente, acautelar o futuro pr\u00F3prio ou dos seus familiares por meio de ou de assist\u00EAncia."@pt . . . . . . "Mutualismo (movimento)"@pt . . . "Mutualisme (\u00E9conomie)"@fr . . . "El mutualismo, movimiento mutualista o movimiento de mutualidades es aquel movimiento social que est\u00E1 encaminado a la creaci\u00F3n y fomento de las mutualidades.\u200B\u200B El movimiento anima y asesora a quienes accedan a brindarse prestaciones mutuas frente a riesgos eventuales o para elevar su bienestar material y espiritual, mediante un pago o contribuci\u00F3n peri\u00F3dica. El mutualismo, institucionalizado a trav\u00E9s de las mutualidades, ha sido reconocido universalmente como generador o embri\u00F3n de la previsi\u00F3n cl\u00E1sica y de los modernos sistemas de seguridad social, y en la actualidad coexiste con estos.\u200B\u200B\u200B\u200B Aunque la ca\u00EDda en la popularidad del mutualismo en muchos ambientes sociales coincidi\u00F3 con el inicio del sistema de seguridad social p\u00FAblica, en las primeras d\u00E9cadas del siglo XX."@es . "Mutualism, also known as the movement of mutuals and the mutualist movement, is a social movement that aims at creating and promoting mutual organizations, mutual insurances and mutual funds. According to the prominent mutualist Gene Costa, the movement encourages and assists the provision of mutual benefits against risks to those accessing its funds and or the elevation of their material and spiritual living standards by regular payment or contribution. Institutionalized through mutual funds, mutualism has been universally recognized as a generator or embryo of classical forecast and modern social security systems and currently coexists with them. Although the fall in the popularity of mutual funds in many social environments coincided with the start of public social security system in the early decades of the 20th century, in Europe and other parts of the world mutualism continues to be an important player in the social economy. Mutuals providing healthcare coverage are united in an international association of benefit societies. Originating from an adaptation of guild system at the 18th century (see guild and mount of piety) and widespread at the 19th century, today there are many mutualist associations worldwide integrated into modern society. Nowadays, mutualism is linked to financial firms, insurers, unions, entities to promote solidarity economics, trade associations and religious movements. The characteristic sign of mutual movement is its institutional neutrality about political, religious, racial and union affiliations of its members. Mutuals movement and cooperatives movement have many points in common, around the idea of professional mutual aid. Building on the mutualist movement of the 18th century, Sara Horowitz, founder and executive director of Freelancers Union, has identified a series of related phenomena that she calls \"new mutualism\". For example, Horowitz and Costa both point to the 40 million Americans currently freelancing as a means of promoting entrepreneurship to more of the middle class."@en . . "Mutualism (movement)"@en . . "Mutualismo \u00E9 um sistema privado de prote\u00E7\u00E3o social que visa criar e promover organiza\u00E7\u00F5es de pol\u00EDtica mutualista, sociedades de seguros mutualistas e mutualistas. O Mutualismo foi precursor do moderno sistema de seguros, cujos princ\u00EDpios assentam na reciprocidade dos servi\u00E7os e na entreajuda. Consubstancia-se na exist\u00EAncia de um fundo comum para o qual todos convergem mediante contribui\u00E7\u00F5es ou quotas, de modo a permitir, de forma previdente, acautelar o futuro pr\u00F3prio ou dos seus familiares por meio de ou de assist\u00EAncia."@pt .