. . . . . . "The Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini (Bengali: \u099C\u09BE\u09A4\u09C0\u09AF\u09BC \u09B0\u0995\u09CD\u09B7\u09C0 \u09AC\u09BE\u09B9\u09BF\u09A8\u09C0, lit.\u2009'National Defense Force') was a Bangladeshi para-military force formed in 1972 by the Sheikh Mujibur Rahman government. Initially formed to curb the insurgency and maintain law and order the force became involved in numerous charges of human rights abuse including political killings, shooting by death squads, and rape. It was seen as the armed wing of the ruling Awami League and it swore an oath of loyalty to Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. The Rakkhi Bahini has been condemned by many academics and journalists, including Ghulam Murshid who compared it with the Gestapo, and Anthony Mascarenhas who said that it was a \"gang of hoodlums little different from the Nazi Brown shirts.\" Human Rights Watch states that the institutionalized violence committed by the Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini, established the culture of impunity with which security forces in independent Bangladesh continue to abuse human rights. Pro Awami League commentators dismiss the charges as \"myths\"."@en . . . . "6966650"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "1124046609"^^ . . . "80.0"^^ . "1972"^^ . "Rakkhi, JRB"@en . . . "16000 in 1975" . . . . "85.0"^^ . "Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini"@pt . . "National Defense Force"@en . . . . "Bangladesh"@en . . "August 1975"@en . . "Counter-insurgency,counter-terrorismanti-communism" . . . . "Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini (bengali : \u099C\u09BE\u09A4\u09C0\u09AF\u09BC \u09B0\u0995\u09CD\u09B7\u09C0 \u09AC\u09BE\u09B9\u09BF\u09A8\u09C0; Y\u0101t\u012By.a Rak\u1E63\u012B B\u0101hin\u012B; traduit : Force de s\u00E9curit\u00E9 nationale) \u00E9tait une force paramilitaire d'\u00E9lite form\u00E9e le 8 f\u00E9vrier 1972 par le gouvernement dirig\u00E9 par Sheikh Mujibur Rahman par un ordre commun\u00E9ment appel\u00E9 \u00AB Jatiyo Rakkhi Bahini Act, 1972 \u00BB apr\u00E8s la guerre de lib\u00E9ration du Bangladesh."@fr . . . . "The Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini (Bengali: \u099C\u09BE\u09A4\u09C0\u09AF\u09BC \u09B0\u0995\u09CD\u09B7\u09C0 \u09AC\u09BE\u09B9\u09BF\u09A8\u09C0, lit.\u2009'National Defense Force') was a Bangladeshi para-military force formed in 1972 by the Sheikh Mujibur Rahman government. Initially formed to curb the insurgency and maintain law and order the force became involved in numerous charges of human rights abuse including political killings, shooting by death squads, and rape. It was seen as the armed wing of the ruling Awami League and it swore an oath of loyalty to Sheikh Mujibur Rahman."@en . . . . . . . "Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini (em bengali: \u099C\u09BE\u09A4\u09C0\u09AF\u09BC \u09B0\u0995\u09CD\u09B7\u09C0 \u09AC\u09BE\u09B9\u09BF\u09A8\u09C0 Y\u0101t\u012By.a Rak\u1E63\u012B B\u0101hin\u012B) (For\u00E7a de Seguran\u00E7a Nacional) foi uma for\u00E7a paramilitar de elite formada em 8 de fevereiro de 1972 pelo governo liderado por Sheikh Mujibur Rahman por uma ordem comumente conhecida como Jatiyo Rakkhi Bahini Act, 1972 ap\u00F3s a Guerra de Liberta\u00E7\u00E3o de Bangladesh."@pt . . . "center"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "16000"^^ . . . . . . "1975"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini (em bengali: \u099C\u09BE\u09A4\u09C0\u09AF\u09BC \u09B0\u0995\u09CD\u09B7\u09C0 \u09AC\u09BE\u09B9\u09BF\u09A8\u09C0 Y\u0101t\u012By.a Rak\u1E63\u012B B\u0101hin\u012B) (For\u00E7a de Seguran\u00E7a Nacional) foi uma for\u00E7a paramilitar de elite formada em 8 de fevereiro de 1972 pelo governo liderado por Sheikh Mujibur Rahman por uma ordem comumente conhecida como Jatiyo Rakkhi Bahini Act, 1972 ap\u00F3s a Guerra de Liberta\u00E7\u00E3o de Bangladesh. Inicialmente formada para conter a insurg\u00EAncia e manter a lei e a ordem, a for\u00E7a envolveu-se em numerosas acusa\u00E7\u00F5es de abuso dos direitos humanos, incluindo assassinatos pol\u00EDticos, fuzilamentos por esquadr\u00F5es da morte, desaparecimentos for\u00E7ados e estupros. Era visto como o bra\u00E7o armado do partido governante Liga Awami e fez um juramento de lealdade a Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. O Rakkhi Bahini foi condenado por muitos acad\u00EAmicos e jornalistas, incluindo , que o comparou com a Gestapo, e , que afirmou que era uma \"gangue de bandidos um pouco diferente dos camisas pardas nazistas\". A Human Rights Watch afirma que a viol\u00EAncia institucionalizada cometida pelo Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini, estabeleceu a cultura de impunidade com a qual as for\u00E7as de seguran\u00E7a no Bangladesh independente continuam a abusar dos direitos humanos. Os comentaristas pr\u00F3-Liga Awami rejeitam as acusa\u00E7\u00F5es como \"mitos\"."@pt . . . . . . "Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini (bengali : \u099C\u09BE\u09A4\u09C0\u09AF\u09BC \u09B0\u0995\u09CD\u09B7\u09C0 \u09AC\u09BE\u09B9\u09BF\u09A8\u09C0; Y\u0101t\u012By.a Rak\u1E63\u012B B\u0101hin\u012B; traduit : Force de s\u00E9curit\u00E9 nationale) \u00E9tait une force paramilitaire d'\u00E9lite form\u00E9e le 8 f\u00E9vrier 1972 par le gouvernement dirig\u00E9 par Sheikh Mujibur Rahman par un ordre commun\u00E9ment appel\u00E9 \u00AB Jatiyo Rakkhi Bahini Act, 1972 \u00BB apr\u00E8s la guerre de lib\u00E9ration du Bangladesh."@fr . . . . . "Rakkhi, JRB"@en . . . . . "National Defense Force"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u099C\u09BE\u09A4\u09C0\u09AF\u09BC \u09B0\u0995\u09CD\u09B7\u09C0 \u09AC\u09BE\u09B9\u09BF\u09A8\u09C0"@en . "1"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "\u099C\u09BE\u09A4\u09C0\u09AF\u09BC \u09B0\u0995\u09CD\u09B7\u09C0 \u09AC\u09BE\u09B9\u09BF\u09A8\u09C0"@en . "Sher-E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka"@en . . . . . "--02-01"^^ . . . . "Headquarters"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini"@fr . . . . . . . . "The irregular and very unsatisfactory manner of the handling of the matter by the Rakkhi Bahini has created a situation that urgently calls for an effective action on the part of the authorities to clear the cloud and create a sense of assurance in the mind of the people."@en . . . . . . . . . "46726"^^ . . .