. . . . . "Jane Jacobs (Scranton, 4 maggio 1916 \u2013 Toronto, 25 aprile 2006) \u00E8 stata un'antropologa, scrittrice e attivista statunitense naturalizzata canadese. Le sue teorie hanno influito profondamente sui modelli di delle citt\u00E0 nordamericane. Autrice del rivoluzionario Vita e morte delle grandi citt\u00E0. Saggio sulle metropoli americane (1961), critic\u00F2 fermamente il modello di sviluppo delle citt\u00E0 moderne e fu accesa sostenitrice del recupero a misura d'uomo dei nuclei urbani, enfatizzando il ruolo della strada, del distretto, dell'isolato, della vicinanza e della densit\u00E0, della eterogeneit\u00E0 degli edifici."@it . . . . . . "Jane Jacobsov\u00E1"@cs . . . . . . . "Jane Jacobs"@in . . . . "Jane Jacobsov\u00E1 (4. kv\u011Btna 1916, Scranton \u2013 25. dubna 2006, Toronto) byla americko-kanadsk\u00E1 novin\u00E1\u0159ka, spisovatelka a aktivistka. Siln\u011B ovlivnila urbanistick\u00E9 my\u0161len\u00ED a akademick\u00E1 studia velkom\u011Bstsk\u00E9ho \u017Eivota. Jej\u00ED kniha Smrt a \u017Eivot americk\u00FDch velkom\u011Bst z roku 1961 rozproudila v USA \u0161irokou spole\u010Denskou diskusi o podob\u011B americk\u00FDch m\u011Bst. Byla zn\u00E1ma t\u00E9\u017E sv\u00FDm bojem proti bour\u00E1n\u00ED star\u00FDch p\u0159edm\u011Bstsk\u00FDch \u010Dtvrt\u00ED, slavnou se stala zejm\u00E9na kampa\u0148 za z\u00E1chranu newyorsk\u00E9 \u010Dtvrti Greenwich Village roku 1961 \u010Di proti stavb\u011B d\u00E1lnice na Manhattanu. Roku 1968 opustila na protest proti Vietnamsk\u00E9 v\u00E1lce USA a ode\u0161la do Kanady, kde \u017Eila a\u017E do konce \u017Eivota (roku 1974 z\u00EDskala kanadsk\u00E9 ob\u010Danstv\u00ED). V Kanad\u011B pokra\u010Dovala ve sv\u00E9m aktivismu, bojovala nap\u0159\u00EDklad proti d\u00E1lnici v Torontu. Jej\u00ED protesty m\u011Bly environmentalis"@cs . "\u0414\u0436\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0431\u0441, \u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u043D"@ru . . . "Jane Jacobs, OC, O.Ont (* 4. Mai 1916 in Scranton, Pennsylvania als Jane Butzner; \u2020 25. April 2006 in Toronto) war eine in den USA geborene kanadische Sachbuchautorin, Stadt- und Architekturkritikerin."@de . . . . . . . . "Amerika, Architectural Forum"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "Jane Jacobs, geboren als Jane Butzner (Scranton, 4 mei 1916 \u2013 Toronto, 25 april 2006), was een Amerikaans-Canadees publiciste en stadsactiviste. Zij is vooral bekend geworden door haar pleidooien voor gemengde buurten en door acties tegen de aanleg van snelwegen door woonbuurten."@nl . "Jane Jacobs (Scranton, 4 de maig de 1916 - Toronto, 25 d'abril de 2006) va ser una te\u00F2rica i activista de l'urbanisme humanista estatunidenca. El 1968, va marxar dels Estats Units per evitar que els seus fills fossin a la Guerra de Vietnam i va instal\u00B7lar-se a Toronto. Tampoc volia contribuir amb els seus impostos a finan\u00E7ar guerres. Jacobs va viure a Nova York, on va comen\u00E7ar a interessar-se per les q\u00FCestions urbanes i el periodisme. Va treballar primer per a l'United States Office of War Information i despr\u00E9s com a reportera per a Amerika, publicaci\u00F3 del Departament d\u2019Estat dels EUA. A m\u00E9s, va ser editora de la revista Architectural Forum. En els seus articles va criticar durament les tend\u00E8ncies urban\u00EDstiques dominants de la d\u00E8cada del 1950. L\u2019any 1961 va publicar The Death and Life of Great American Cities, un llibre en el qual va defensar que abans de canviar una ciutat, calia con\u00E8ixer-la. El seu missatge va propiciar l\u2019auge d\u2019un nou urbanisme centrat en la perspectiva de g\u00E8nere i la participaci\u00F3 ciutadana."@ca . "Jane Jacobs, f\u00F6dd Butzner den 4 maj 1916 i Scranton i Pennsylvania, d\u00F6d 25 april 2006 i Toronto, Ontario, Kanada, var en amerikansk-kanadensisk f\u00F6rfattare och arkitektur- och stadsplaneringskritiker."@sv . . "The Death And Life of Great American Cities, 1961"@en . . . . . . "Reason: What do you think you'll be remembered for most? You were the one who stood up to the federal bulldozers and the urban renewal people and said they were destroying the lifeblood of these cities. Is that what it will be?\n\nJacobs: No. If I were to be remembered as a really important thinker of the century, the most important thing I've contributed is my discussion of what makes economic expansion happen. This is something that has puzzled people always. I think I've figured out what it is.\n\nExpansion and development are two different things. Development is differentiation of what already existed. Practically every new thing that happens is a differentiation of a previous thing, from a new shoe sole to changes in legal codes. Expansion is an actual growth in size or volume of activity. That is a different thing.\n\nI've gone at it two different ways. Way back when I wrote The Economy of Cities, I wrote about import replacing and how that expands, not just the economy of the place where it occurs, but economic life altogether. As a city replaces imports, it shifts its imports. It doesn't import less. And yet it has everything it had before.\n\nReason: It's not a zero-sum game. It's a bigger, growing pie.\n\nJacobs: That's the actual mechanism of it. The theory of it is what I explain in The Nature of Economies. I equate it to what happens with biomass, the sum total of all flora and fauna in an area. The energy, the material that's involved in this, doesn't just escape the community as an export. It continues being used in a community, just as in a rainforest the waste from certain organisms and various plants and animals gets used by other ones in the place."@en . "Jane Butzner Jacobs (Scranton, 4 de maio de 1916 \u2014 Toronto, 25 de abril de 2006) foi uma escritora e ativista pol\u00EDtica do Canad\u00E1, nascida nos Estados Unidos. Sua obra mais conhecida \u00E9 Morte e Vida de Grandes Cidades (The Death and Life of Great American Cities, 1961), na qual critica duramente as pr\u00E1ticas de renova\u00E7\u00E3o do espa\u00E7o p\u00FAblico da d\u00E9cada de 1950 nos Estados Unidos. Numa etnografia jornal\u00EDstica, a autora procurou, nesse livro, identificar no quotidiano de grandes cidades norte-americanas as raz\u00F5es da viol\u00EAncia, da sujeira e do abandono, ou, ao contr\u00E1rio, a boa manuten\u00E7\u00E3o, a seguran\u00E7a e a qualidade de vida de lugares que constitu\u00EDam a cena real das metr\u00F3poles, em simetria ao esquematismo dos modos de vida que os planejadores previam em seus modelos urbanos ideais."@pt . . "Jane Jacobs"@it . . . . . . . . . "Jane Jacobs"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Jane Jacobs CC (terlahir dengan nama Jane Butzner; 4 Mei 1916 \u2013 25 April 2006) adalah seorang wartawan, penulis buku, dan aktivis berdarah yang dikenal sebagai pemikir di bidang . Pemikiran tersebut tertuang dalam bukunya yang terbit tahun 1961. Ia berpendapat bahwa pembaruan perkotaan tidak memikirkan kebutuhan bagi banyak penduduk yang tinggal di kota tersebut. Buku ini juga memperkenalkan konsep ilmu sosiologi dalam perencanaan seperti \"mata jalanan\" (eyes on the street) dan \"modal sosial\"."@in . . "Jane Butzner Jacobs (Scranton, Pennsylvania, 1916ko maiatzaren 4a - Toronto, 2006ko apirilaren 25a) Ameriketako Estatu Batuetan jaiotako kanadiar zientzia dibulgatzailea, hirigintzaren teorikoa eta ekintzaile soziopolitikoa izan zen. \n* Datuak: Q234335 \n* Multimedia: Jane Jacobs"@eu . "Jane Jacobs CC (terlahir dengan nama Jane Butzner; 4 Mei 1916 \u2013 25 April 2006) adalah seorang wartawan, penulis buku, dan aktivis berdarah yang dikenal sebagai pemikir di bidang . Pemikiran tersebut tertuang dalam bukunya yang terbit tahun 1961. Ia berpendapat bahwa pembaruan perkotaan tidak memikirkan kebutuhan bagi banyak penduduk yang tinggal di kota tersebut. Buku ini juga memperkenalkan konsep ilmu sosiologi dalam perencanaan seperti \"mata jalanan\" (eyes on the street) dan \"modal sosial\". Jacobs juga dilkenal sebagai pencetus gerakan akar rumput untuk menentang penggusuran di permukiman tempat ia tinggal, Greenwich Village di New York City, Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1950-1960-an. Penggusuran itu direncanakan dilakukan sebagai daerah pembangunan yang membentang dari SoHo dan Little Italy. Pembangunan ini mengakibatkan beberapa blok dari Greenwich Village harus dihancurkan, termasuk 132 keluarga harus keluar dari lingkungan tempat tinggal mereka. Selain itu, 1.000 usaha kecil harus mengungsikan usahanya. Ia pun tidak sepaham dengan , perencana kota setempat yang terlibat dalam pembangunan jalan bebas hambatan ini. Ia pun harus dipenjara pada 10 April 1968 karena dituduh menghasut kerusuhan, kejahatan kriminal dan menghalangi administrasi publik. Pada tahun 1968, Jacobs pindah ke Toronto, Kanada dan melakukan hal serupa dalam menentang Jalan Bebas Hambatan Spadina yang direncanakan dibangun di kota itu."@in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u7B80\u00B7\u96C5\u5404\u5E03\u65AF\uFF08\u53F0\u6E7E\u8B6F\u4F5C\u73CD\u00B7\u96C5\u5404\uFF0C\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1AJane Jacobs\uFF0C\u5A18\u5BB6\u59D3 Butzner\uFF0C1916\u5E745\u67084\u65E5\uFF0D2006\u5E744\u670825\u65E5\uFF09OC\u662F\u4E00\u4F4D\u7F8E\u570B\u7C4D\u52A0\u62FF\u5927\u8A18\u8005\u3001\u4F5C\u5BB6\u3001\u7406\u8AD6\u5BB6\u548C\u6D3B\u52D5\u5BB6\u3002\u5979\u5C0D\u57CE\u5E02\u7814\u7A76\u3001\u793E\u6703\u5B78\u548C\u7D93\u6FDF\u5B78\u7522\u751F\u4E86\u5F71\u97FF\u3002\u5979\u7684\u8457\u4F5C\u300A\u5049\u5927\u57CE\u5E02\u7684\u8A95\u751F\u8207\u8870\u4EA1\u300B\uFF081961\u5E74\uFF09\u8A8D\u70BA\u201C\u57CE\u5E02\u66F4\u65B0\u201D\u548C\u201C\u8CA7\u6C11\u7A9F\u6E05\u7406\u201D\u6C92\u6709\u5C0A\u91CD\u57CE\u5E02\u5C45\u6C11\u7684\u9700\u6C42\u3002 \u5979\u7D44\u7E54\u4E86\u57FA\u5C64\u52AA\u529B\uFF0C\u4EE5\u4FDD\u8B77\u793E\u5340\u514D\u53D7\u201C\u57CE\u5E02\u66F4\u65B0\u201D\u548C\u201C\u8CA7\u6C11\u7A9F\u6E05\u7406\u201D\u7684\u5F71\u97FF\uFF0C\u7279\u5225\u662F\u7F85\u4F2F\u00B7\u6469\u65AF (Robert Moses) \u8A08\u5283\u5FB9\u5E95\u6539\u9020\u683C\u6797\u5A01\u6CBB\u6751\u793E\u5340\u3002\u5979\u5728\u6700\u7D42\u53D6\u6D88\u66FC\u54C8\u9813\u4E0B\u57CE\u9AD8\u901F\u516C\u8DEF\uFF08\u5EFA\u8A2D\uFF09\u65B9\u9762\u767C\u63EE\u4E86\u91CD\u8981\u4F5C\u7528\uFF0C\u8A72\u9AD8\u901F\u516C\u8DEF\u5C07\u76F4\u63A5\u7A7F\u904E\u5F8C\u4F86\u88AB\u7A31\u70BA SoHo \u7684\u66FC\u54C8\u9813\u5730\u5340\uFF0C\u4EE5\u53CA\u5C0F\u610F\u5927\u5229\u548C\u5510\u4EBA\u8857\u7684\u4E00\u90E8\u5206\u3002 \u5979\u65BC 1968 \u5E74\u56E0\u5728\u8A72\u9805\u76EE\u7684\u516C\u958B\u807D\u8B49\u6703\u4E0A\u300C\u717D\u52D5\u300D\u7FA4\u773E\u800C\u88AB\u6355\u3002 1968 \u5E74\u642C\u5230\u591A\u502B\u591A\u5F8C\uFF0C\u5979\u52A0\u5165\u4E86\u53CD\u5C0D Spadina \u9AD8\u901F\u516C\u8DEF\u548C\u591A\u502B\u591A\u6B63\u5728\u898F\u5283\u548C\u5EFA\u8A2D\u4E2D\u7684\u76F8\u95DC\u9AD8\u901F\u516C\u8DEF\u7DB2\u7D61\u3002 \u7576\u6642\uFF0C\u4F5C\u70BA\u4E00\u540D\u6279\u8A55\u7537\u6027\u4E3B\u5C0E\u7684\u57CE\u5E02\u898F\u5283\u9818\u57DF\u5C08\u5BB6\u7684\u5973\u6027\u548C\u4F5C\u5BB6 \uFF0C\u5979\u9996\u5148\u88AB\u63CF\u8FF0\u70BA\u5BB6\u5EAD\u4E3B\u5A66\uFF08\u5F88\u53EF\u80FD\u662F\u56E0\u70BA\u5979\u6C92\u6709\u5927\u5B78\u5B78\u4F4D\uFF0C\u6216\u53D7\u904E\u4EFB\u4F55\u57CE\u5E02\u898F\u5283\u65B9\u9762\u7684\u6B63\u898F\u57F9\u8A13\uFF09\uFF1B\u5979\u7684\u300C\u8CC7\u6B77\u300D\u7F3A\u4E4F\u88AB\u8996\u70BA\u6279\u8A55\u7684\u7406\u7531 \uFF0C\u7136\u800C\uFF0C\u5979\u7684\u6982\u5FF5\u7684\u5F71\u97FF\u6700\u7D42\u5F97\u5230\u4E86\u7406\u67E5\u00B7\u4F5B\u7F85\u91CC\u9054\u548C\u5C0F\u52DE\u52C3\u00B7\u76E7\u5361\u65AF\u7B49\u5099\u53D7\u5C0A\u656C\u7684\u5C08\u696D\u4EBA\u58EB\u7684\u8A8D\u53EF\u3002"@zh . . "Jane Jacobs, OC, O.Ont (* 4. Mai 1916 in Scranton, Pennsylvania als Jane Butzner; \u2020 25. April 2006 in Toronto) war eine in den USA geborene kanadische Sachbuchautorin, Stadt- und Architekturkritikerin."@de . . . "Graduate of Scranton Central High School; two years of undergraduate studies at Columbia University"@en . . . . . "Jane Jacobs"@es . "It may be that we have become so feckless as a people that we no longer care how things do work, but only what kind of quick, easy outer impression they give. If so, there is little hope for our cities or probably for much else in our society. But I do not think this is so."@en . . . . . . "\uC81C\uC778 \uC81C\uC774\uCF65\uC2A4"@ko . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Jane Butzner Jacobs (Scranton, 4 de maio de 1916 \u2014 Toronto, 25 de abril de 2006) foi uma escritora e ativista pol\u00EDtica do Canad\u00E1, nascida nos Estados Unidos. Sua obra mais conhecida \u00E9 Morte e Vida de Grandes Cidades (The Death and Life of Great American Cities, 1961), na qual critica duramente as pr\u00E1ticas de renova\u00E7\u00E3o do espa\u00E7o p\u00FAblico da d\u00E9cada de 1950 nos Estados Unidos. Numa etnografia jornal\u00EDstica, a autora procurou, nesse livro, identificar no quotidiano de grandes cidades norte-americanas as raz\u00F5es da viol\u00EAncia, da sujeira e do abandono, ou, ao contr\u00E1rio, a boa manuten\u00E7\u00E3o, a seguran\u00E7a e a qualidade de vida de lugares que constitu\u00EDam a cena real das metr\u00F3poles, em simetria ao esquematismo dos modos de vida que os planejadores previam em seus modelos urbanos ideais."@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Journalist, author, urban theorist"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "\u30B8\u30A7\u30A4\u30F3\u30FB\u30B8\u30A7\u30A4\u30B3\u30D6\u30BA"@ja . . . . . "\u30B8\u30A7\u30A4\u30F3\u30FB\u30B8\u30A7\u30A4\u30B3\u30D6\u30BA\uFF08Jane Butzner Jacobs, 1916\u5E745\u67084\u65E5 - 2006\u5E744\u670825\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u5408\u8846\u56FD\u306E\u5973\u6027\u30CE\u30F3\u30D5\u30A3\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u4F5C\u5BB6\u30FB\u30B8\u30E3\u30FC\u30CA\u30EA\u30B9\u30C8\u3002\u90CA\u5916\u90FD\u5E02\u958B\u767A\u306A\u3069\u3092\u8AD6\u3058\u3001\u307E\u305F\u90FD\u5FC3\u306E\u8352\u5EC3\u3092\u544A\u767A\u3057\u305F\u904B\u52D5\u5BB6\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308B\u3002\u6700\u3082\u53CD\u97FF\u3092\u547C\u3093\u3060\u8457\u4F5C\u306F\u300E\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u5927\u90FD\u5E02\u306E\u6B7B\u3068\u751F\u300F\uFF081961\u5E74\uFF09\u3067\u3042\u308A\u3001\u300E\u90FD\u5E02\u306E\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u300F\uFF081986\u5E74\uFF09\u3068\u4E26\u3073\u90FD\u5E02\u8A08\u753B\u7814\u7A76\u306E\u91CD\u8981\u306A\u53E4\u5178\u3068\u306A\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u300E\u58CA\u308C\u3086\u304F\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u300F\uFF082004\u5E74\uFF09\u304C\u907A\u4F5C\u3068\u306A\u3063\u305F\u3002"@ja . "\u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u043D \u0414\u0436\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0431\u0441 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Jane Jacobs; \u0443\u0440\u043E\u0436\u0434\u0451\u043D\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u043D \u0411\u0443\u0446\u043D\u0435\u0440, \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Jane Butzner; 4 \u043C\u0430\u044F 1916 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430, \u0421\u043A\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0442\u043E\u043D, \u0421\u0428\u0410 \u2014 25 \u0430\u043F\u0440\u0435\u043B\u044F 2006 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430, \u0422\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0442\u043E, \u041A\u0430\u043D\u0430\u0434\u0430) \u2014 \u043A\u0430\u043D\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043A\u043E-\u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u043F\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u0446\u0430, \u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043A\u0430, \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043A \u0433\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0438 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0436\u043D\u0438\u0446 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043D\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0443\u0440\u0431\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0437\u043C\u0430. \u0418\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043D\u0430 \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440 \u043A\u043D\u0438\u0433\u0438 \u00AB\u00BB (The Death and Life of Great American Cities, 1961 \u0433\u043E\u0434) \u0421\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0447\u0430\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044C \u0432 2006 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443 \u0432 \u0432\u043E\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435 89 \u043B\u0435\u0442."@ru . . . "Jane Jacobs"@pt . . "Jane Jacobs (n\u00E9e Jane Butzner le 4 mai 1916 \u00E0 Scranton en Pennsylvanie et morte le 25 avril 2006 \u00E0 Toronto) est une auteure, une militante des droits de l'homme et une philosophe de l'architecture et de l'urbanisme canado-am\u00E9ricaine. Ses th\u00E9ories ont sensiblement modifi\u00E9 l'urbanisme nord-am\u00E9ricain."@fr . . . . . . . . . "Jane Butzner Jacobs (Scranton, Pensilvania, 4 de mayo de 1916 \u2014 Toronto, 25 de abril de 2006) fue una divulgadora cient\u00EDfica, te\u00F3rica del urbanismo y activista sociopol\u00EDtica canadiense, nacida en Estados Unidos. Jacobs es reconocida por su libro Muerte y vida de las grandes ciudades (\"The Death and Life of Great American Cities\") donde expone una cr\u00EDtica al urbanismo moderno y los proyectos de regeneraci\u00F3n urbana, argumentando que son una amenaza para la diversidad y vitalidad de las ciudades.\u200B"@es . . . "Jane Jacobs"@de . . . . . . "Jane Jacobs, geboren als Jane Butzner (Scranton, 4 mei 1916 \u2013 Toronto, 25 april 2006), was een Amerikaans-Canadees publiciste en stadsactiviste. Zij is vooral bekend geworden door haar pleidooien voor gemengde buurten en door acties tegen de aanleg van snelwegen door woonbuurten."@nl . . . . . . . . . . . . "Jane Jacobs z domu Butzner (ur. 4 maja 1916 w Scranton, zm. 25 kwietnia 2006 w Toronto) \u2013 ameryka\u0144sko-kanadyjska dziennikarka, publicystka, aktywistka miejska i autorka ksi\u0105\u017Cek. Najbardziej znana z wp\u0142ywu na rozw\u00F3j XX-wiecznej urbanistyki. Pisywa\u0142a do renomowanych periodyk\u00F3w, m.in. do \u201EArchitectural Forum\u201D, gdzie jej g\u0142\u00F3wnym zadaniem by\u0142o analizowanie problem\u00F3w wyst\u0119puj\u0105cych w przestrzeni p\u00F3\u0142nocnoameryka\u0144skich miast."@pl . . . "The Death and Life of Great American Cities"@en . . "Toronto, Ontario, Canada"@en . . . . . . "Jane Jacobs"@en . . . . . . . . "71394"^^ . "\u7B80\u00B7\u96C5\u5404\u5E03\u65AF"@zh . . . . . . . . . "Jane Jacobs (Scranton, 4 de maig de 1916 - Toronto, 25 d'abril de 2006) va ser una te\u00F2rica i activista de l'urbanisme humanista estatunidenca. El 1968, va marxar dels Estats Units per evitar que els seus fills fossin a la Guerra de Vietnam i va instal\u00B7lar-se a Toronto. Tampoc volia contribuir amb els seus impostos a finan\u00E7ar guerres."@ca . ""@en . . . . . . "Jane Jacobsov\u00E1 (4. kv\u011Btna 1916, Scranton \u2013 25. dubna 2006, Toronto) byla americko-kanadsk\u00E1 novin\u00E1\u0159ka, spisovatelka a aktivistka. Siln\u011B ovlivnila urbanistick\u00E9 my\u0161len\u00ED a akademick\u00E1 studia velkom\u011Bstsk\u00E9ho \u017Eivota. Jej\u00ED kniha Smrt a \u017Eivot americk\u00FDch velkom\u011Bst z roku 1961 rozproudila v USA \u0161irokou spole\u010Denskou diskusi o podob\u011B americk\u00FDch m\u011Bst. Byla zn\u00E1ma t\u00E9\u017E sv\u00FDm bojem proti bour\u00E1n\u00ED star\u00FDch p\u0159edm\u011Bstsk\u00FDch \u010Dtvrt\u00ED, slavnou se stala zejm\u00E9na kampa\u0148 za z\u00E1chranu newyorsk\u00E9 \u010Dtvrti Greenwich Village roku 1961 \u010Di proti stavb\u011B d\u00E1lnice na Manhattanu. Roku 1968 opustila na protest proti Vietnamsk\u00E9 v\u00E1lce USA a ode\u0161la do Kanady, kde \u017Eila a\u017E do konce \u017Eivota (roku 1974 z\u00EDskala kanadsk\u00E9 ob\u010Danstv\u00ED). V Kanad\u011B pokra\u010Dovala ve sv\u00E9m aktivismu, bojovala nap\u0159\u00EDklad proti d\u00E1lnici v Torontu. Jej\u00ED protesty m\u011Bly environmentalistick\u00FD i feministick\u00FD n\u00E1dech, nebo\u0165 kritizovala, \u017Ee v\u011Bt\u0161ina urbanistick\u00FDch pl\u00E1n\u016F akcentuje mu\u017Esk\u00FD pohled na sv\u011Bt. Sama byla \u010Dasto kritizov\u00E1na za diletantismus, nebo\u0165 nem\u011Bla vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00E9 vzd\u011Bl\u00E1n\u00ED. Jej\u00ED koncepty v\u0161ak ovlivnily sociologii, kultur\u00E1ln\u00ED studia a jin\u00E9 soci\u00E1ln\u00ED v\u011Bdy 2. poloviny 20. stolet\u00ED."@cs . . . . . . "Jane JACOBS [prononcu: \u011Cejn \u011Cejkabz] (4-a de majo 1916 \u2013 25-a de aprilo 2006) estis inter la plej famaj verkistoj pri urboplanado de Usono kaj Kanado (en kiuj \u015Di posedis civitanecon). \u015Cia fratino estis la aktiva Esperantistino (m. 1993). Jane Jacobs lo\u011Dis kun sia pli a\u011Da fratino plurajn jarojn kiam \u015Di alvenis al Novjorko. Jane Jacobs lo\u011Dis en , populara, malnova, maldensa kvartalo apud la urbo centro de Novjorko. \u015Ci skribis pozitive pri tiu \u0109i sperto. La a\u016Dtorino anka\u016D skribis pri la sendependeco de Kebekio. \u015Ci skribis favore al tiu."@eo . . "Jane Jacobs"@sv . "Jane Jacobs"@eo . . "\uC81C\uC778 \uC81C\uC774\uCF65\uC2A4(Jane Jacobs, 1916\uB144 5\uC6D4 4\uC77C ~ 2006\uB144 4\uC6D4 25\uC77C)\uB294 \uC8FC\uB85C \uC9C0\uC5ED\uC0AC\uD68C\uC758 \uBB38\uC81C\uC640 \uB3C4\uC2DC\uACC4\uD68D, \uB3C4\uC2DC\uC758 \uC1E0\uD1F4\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574 \uAD00\uC2EC\uC744 \uC3DF\uC740 \uC800\uC220\uAC00\uC774\uC790 \uC0AC\uD68C\uC6B4\uB3D9\uAC00, \uC5B8\uB860\uC778, \uB3C4\uC2DC\uACC4\uD68D\uAC00\uC774\uB2E4. \uAE30\uC790 \uCD9C\uC2E0\uC73C\uB85C 1952\uB144, \uB274\uC695 \uC758 \uBD80\uD3B8\uC9D1\uC7A5\uC774 \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB140\uB294 1961\uB144\uC5D0 \uBC1C\uD589\uB41C \uC800\uC11C, '\uBBF8\uAD6D \uB300\uB3C4\uC2DC\uC758 \uC8FD\uC74C\uACFC \uC0B6(The Death and Life of Great American Cities)'\uC5D0\uC11C 1950\uB144\uB300 \uBBF8\uAD6D\uC758 \uB3C4\uC2DC\uC7AC\uC0DD \uC815\uCC45\uC744 \uB0A0\uCE74\uB86D\uAC8C \uBE44\uD3C9\uD558\uC5EC \uC720\uBA85\uD574\uC84C\uB2E4. \uC774 \uCC45\uC740 \uB2E8\uC21C\uD55C \uACC4\uD68D \uC774\uC288\uB97C \uB6F0\uC5B4 \uB118\uC5B4 \uC2DC\uB300 \uC815\uC2E0\uC5D0\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uC601\uD5A5\uC744 \uC90C\uC73C\uB85C\uC368 \uB110\uB9AC \uBA85\uC131\uC744 \uC313\uC544\uAC00\uACE0 \uC788\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB140\uC758 \uC720\uBA85\uD55C \uC800\uC220\uB4E4\uB9CC\uD07C \uADF8\uB140\uAC00 \uB110\uB9AC \uC54C\uB824\uC9C0\uAC8C \uB41C \uAC74, \uC9C0\uC5ED \uACF5\uB3D9\uCCB4\uB97C \uD30C\uAD34\uD560 \uC218\uB3C4 \uC788\uC5C8\uB358 \uB3C4\uC2DC\uC7AC\uC0DD \uD504\uB85C\uC81D\uD2B8\uB97C \uC800\uC9C0\uD558\uB294 \uC2DC\uBBFC\uC6B4\uB3D9\uC5D0 \uD5CC\uC2E0\uC744 \uAE30\uC6B8\uC600\uAE30 \uB54C\uBB38\uC774\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB140\uB294 \uB97C \uBB34\uC0B0\uC2DC\uD0A4\uB294\uB370 \uD575\uC2EC\uC801 \uC5ED\uD560\uC744 \uD588\uC73C\uBA70, 1968\uB144 \uCE90\uB098\uB2E4\uB85C \uC774\uC8FC\uD55C \uD6C4\uC5D0\uB294 \uAC74\uC124\uACFC \uC758 \uACB0\uC131\uC744 \uC800\uC9C0\uD558\uB294\uB370\uB3C4 \uC601\uD5A5\uC744 \uBBF8\uCCE4\uB2E4. \uC81C\uC774\uCF65\uC2A4\uB294 \uB3C4\uC2DC\uACC4\uD68D \uB274\uC2A4\uB97C \uC804\uD558\uB294 \uC6F9\uC0AC\uC774\uD2B8 \uD50C\uB808\uB2C8\uD2F0\uC98C(en:planetizen)\uC774 2009\uB144 9\uC6D4 14\uC77C\uC5D0 \uC120\uC815\uD55C '100\uBA85\uC758 \uC704\uB300\uD55C \uB3C4\uC2DC \uC0AC\uC0C1\uAC00' \uC911\uC5D0\uC11C 1\uC704\uC5D0 \uC120\uC815\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Jane Jacobs"@eu . "2006-04-25"^^ . . . . . . . . "Jane Jacobs OC OOnt (n\u00E9e Butzner; 4 May 1916 \u2013 25 April 2006) was an American-Canadian journalist, author, theorist, and activist who influenced urban studies, sociology, and economics. Her book The Death and Life of Great American Cities (1961) argued that \"urban renewal\" and \"slum clearance\" did not respect the needs of city-dwellers."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\uC81C\uC778 \uC81C\uC774\uCF65\uC2A4(Jane Jacobs, 1916\uB144 5\uC6D4 4\uC77C ~ 2006\uB144 4\uC6D4 25\uC77C)\uB294 \uC8FC\uB85C \uC9C0\uC5ED\uC0AC\uD68C\uC758 \uBB38\uC81C\uC640 \uB3C4\uC2DC\uACC4\uD68D, \uB3C4\uC2DC\uC758 \uC1E0\uD1F4\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574 \uAD00\uC2EC\uC744 \uC3DF\uC740 \uC800\uC220\uAC00\uC774\uC790 \uC0AC\uD68C\uC6B4\uB3D9\uAC00, \uC5B8\uB860\uC778, \uB3C4\uC2DC\uACC4\uD68D\uAC00\uC774\uB2E4. \uAE30\uC790 \uCD9C\uC2E0\uC73C\uB85C 1952\uB144, \uB274\uC695 \uC758 \uBD80\uD3B8\uC9D1\uC7A5\uC774 \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB140\uB294 1961\uB144\uC5D0 \uBC1C\uD589\uB41C \uC800\uC11C, '\uBBF8\uAD6D \uB300\uB3C4\uC2DC\uC758 \uC8FD\uC74C\uACFC \uC0B6(The Death and Life of Great American Cities)'\uC5D0\uC11C 1950\uB144\uB300 \uBBF8\uAD6D\uC758 \uB3C4\uC2DC\uC7AC\uC0DD \uC815\uCC45\uC744 \uB0A0\uCE74\uB86D\uAC8C \uBE44\uD3C9\uD558\uC5EC \uC720\uBA85\uD574\uC84C\uB2E4. \uC774 \uCC45\uC740 \uB2E8\uC21C\uD55C \uACC4\uD68D \uC774\uC288\uB97C \uB6F0\uC5B4 \uB118\uC5B4 \uC2DC\uB300 \uC815\uC2E0\uC5D0\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uC601\uD5A5\uC744 \uC90C\uC73C\uB85C\uC368 \uB110\uB9AC \uBA85\uC131\uC744 \uC313\uC544\uAC00\uACE0 \uC788\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB140\uC758 \uC720\uBA85\uD55C \uC800\uC220\uB4E4\uB9CC\uD07C \uADF8\uB140\uAC00 \uB110\uB9AC \uC54C\uB824\uC9C0\uAC8C \uB41C \uAC74, \uC9C0\uC5ED \uACF5\uB3D9\uCCB4\uB97C \uD30C\uAD34\uD560 \uC218\uB3C4 \uC788\uC5C8\uB358 \uB3C4\uC2DC\uC7AC\uC0DD \uD504\uB85C\uC81D\uD2B8\uB97C \uC800\uC9C0\uD558\uB294 \uC2DC\uBBFC\uC6B4\uB3D9\uC5D0 \uD5CC\uC2E0\uC744 \uAE30\uC6B8\uC600\uAE30 \uB54C\uBB38\uC774\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB140\uB294 \uB97C \uBB34\uC0B0\uC2DC\uD0A4\uB294\uB370 \uD575\uC2EC\uC801 \uC5ED\uD560\uC744 \uD588\uC73C\uBA70, 1968\uB144 \uCE90\uB098\uB2E4\uB85C \uC774\uC8FC\uD55C \uD6C4\uC5D0\uB294 \uAC74\uC124\uACFC \uC758 \uACB0\uC131\uC744 \uC800\uC9C0\uD558\uB294\uB370\uB3C4 \uC601\uD5A5\uC744 \uBBF8\uCCE4\uB2E4. \uC81C\uC774\uCF65\uC2A4\uB294 \uB3C4\uC2DC\uACC4\uD68D \uB274\uC2A4\uB97C \uC804\uD558\uB294 \uC6F9\uC0AC\uC774\uD2B8 \uD50C\uB808\uB2C8\uD2F0\uC98C(en:planetizen)\uC774 2009\uB144 9\uC6D4 14\uC77C\uC5D0 \uC120\uC815\uD55C '100\uBA85\uC758 \uC704\uB300\uD55C \uB3C4\uC2DC \uC0AC\uC0C1\uAC00' \uC911\uC5D0\uC11C 1\uC704\uC5D0 \uC120\uC815\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB140\uB294 1916\uB144 5\uC6D4 4\uC77C\uC5D0 \uBBF8\uAD6D \uD39C\uC2E4\uBCA0\uC774\uB2C8\uC544 \uC8FC\uC758 \uC2DC\uC5D0\uC11C \uD0DC\uC5B4\uB0AC\uC73C\uBA70, 2006\uB144 4\uC6D4 25\uC77C, 89\uC138\uC758 \uB098\uC774\uB85C \uCE90\uB098\uB2E4 \uC628\uD0C0\uB9AC\uC624 \uC8FC\uC758 \uD1A0\uB860\uD1A0 \uC2DC\uC5D0\uC11C \uC0AC\uB9DD\uD588\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . "1916"^^ . . "Jane Butzner"@en . . . "Robert Jacobs"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "Jane Jacobs z domu Butzner (ur. 4 maja 1916 w Scranton, zm. 25 kwietnia 2006 w Toronto) \u2013 ameryka\u0144sko-kanadyjska dziennikarka, publicystka, aktywistka miejska i autorka ksi\u0105\u017Cek. Najbardziej znana z wp\u0142ywu na rozw\u00F3j XX-wiecznej urbanistyki. Pisywa\u0142a do renomowanych periodyk\u00F3w, m.in. do \u201EArchitectural Forum\u201D, gdzie jej g\u0142\u00F3wnym zadaniem by\u0142o analizowanie problem\u00F3w wyst\u0119puj\u0105cych w przestrzeni p\u00F3\u0142nocnoameryka\u0144skich miast. W 1961 roku ukaza\u0142a si\u0119 jej najbardziej znana ksi\u0105\u017Cka, \u015Amier\u0107 i \u017Cycie wielkich miast Ameryki, b\u0119d\u0105ca podsumowaniem obserwacji z poprzednich lat. Jacobs podwa\u017Ca w niej za\u0142o\u017Cenia modernistycznej my\u015Bli planistycznej i proces\u00F3w odnowy miejskiej, kt\u00F3re kszta\u0142towa\u0142y miasta Ameryki P\u00F3\u0142nocnej w okresie od ko\u0144ca lat 40. do pocz\u0105tku lat 70. XX wieku. Jacobs przyczyni\u0142a si\u0119 te\u017C do rozwoju miejskich ruch\u00F3w oddolnych. Pierwsze z nich, organizowane przez ni\u0105 w Greenwich Village na Dolnym Manhattanie w po\u0142owie lat 50., mia\u0142y na celu powstrzymanie szeroko zakrojonych plan\u00F3w przebudowy okolicznego parku przy Washington Square. W du\u017Cej mierze, r\u00F3wnie\u017C za spraw\u0105 interwencji Jane Jacobs, nie dosz\u0142o do realizacji projektu Lower Manhattan Expressway \u2013 autostrady maj\u0105cej przeci\u0105\u0107 samo serce dzielnic takich jak SoHo, czy Little Italy. W przypadku obydwu tych projekt\u00F3w, g\u0142\u00F3wnym \u201Eprzeciwnikiem\u201D Jacobs by\u0142 Robert Moses \u2013 nowojorski urz\u0119dnik miejski pe\u0142ni\u0105cy wi\u0119kszo\u015B\u0107 funkcji zwi\u0105zanych z planowaniem przestrzennym miasta od lat 30. do po\u0142owy lat 60. Podobne oddolne protesty uda\u0142o jej si\u0119 zainicjowa\u0107 pod koniec lat 60. w Toronto, gdzie kilka centralnych dzielnic mia\u0142o zosta\u0107 cz\u0119\u015Bciowo wyburzonych pod autostrad\u0119 Spadina Expressway. Pomimo swojej skuteczno\u015Bci i poparcia lokalnych spo\u0142eczno\u015Bci, Jacobs przez pierwsze lata swojej kariery by\u0142a bagatelizowana przez czo\u0142owych urbanist\u00F3w i architekt\u00F3w. Jej g\u0142os uwa\u017Cany by\u0142 za marginalny i niemaj\u0105cy zbyt du\u017Co wsp\u00F3lnego z rzeczywisto\u015Bci\u0105. Sam\u0105 Jacobs cz\u0119sto dyskredytowano wy\u0142\u0105cznie ze wzgl\u0119du na p\u0142e\u0107 \u2013 \u015Brodowisko architektoniczno-urbanistyczne prze\u0142omu lat 50. i 60. by\u0142o zdominowane przez m\u0119\u017Cczyzn, kt\u00F3rzy postrzegali Jacobs jako lekko zwariowan\u0105 gospodyni\u0119 domow\u0105. Cz\u0119sto wytykano jej r\u00F3wnie\u017C, \u017Ce nie mo\u017Ce s\u0142u\u017Cy\u0107 za autorytet, jako \u017Ce nie uko\u0144czy\u0142a \u017Cadnego uniwersytetu."@pl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Jane Butzner Jacobs (Scranton, Pensilvania, 4 de mayo de 1916 \u2014 Toronto, 25 de abril de 2006) fue una divulgadora cient\u00EDfica, te\u00F3rica del urbanismo y activista sociopol\u00EDtica canadiense, nacida en Estados Unidos. Jacobs es reconocida por su libro Muerte y vida de las grandes ciudades (\"The Death and Life of Great American Cities\") donde expone una cr\u00EDtica al urbanismo moderno y los proyectos de regeneraci\u00F3n urbana, argumentando que son una amenaza para la diversidad y vitalidad de las ciudades.\u200B"@es . . "Martin Douglas"@en . . . . . . . . . . "\u7B80\u00B7\u96C5\u5404\u5E03\u65AF\uFF08\u53F0\u6E7E\u8B6F\u4F5C\u73CD\u00B7\u96C5\u5404\uFF0C\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1AJane Jacobs\uFF0C\u5A18\u5BB6\u59D3 Butzner\uFF0C1916\u5E745\u67084\u65E5\uFF0D2006\u5E744\u670825\u65E5\uFF09OC\u662F\u4E00\u4F4D\u7F8E\u570B\u7C4D\u52A0\u62FF\u5927\u8A18\u8005\u3001\u4F5C\u5BB6\u3001\u7406\u8AD6\u5BB6\u548C\u6D3B\u52D5\u5BB6\u3002\u5979\u5C0D\u57CE\u5E02\u7814\u7A76\u3001\u793E\u6703\u5B78\u548C\u7D93\u6FDF\u5B78\u7522\u751F\u4E86\u5F71\u97FF\u3002\u5979\u7684\u8457\u4F5C\u300A\u5049\u5927\u57CE\u5E02\u7684\u8A95\u751F\u8207\u8870\u4EA1\u300B\uFF081961\u5E74\uFF09\u8A8D\u70BA\u201C\u57CE\u5E02\u66F4\u65B0\u201D\u548C\u201C\u8CA7\u6C11\u7A9F\u6E05\u7406\u201D\u6C92\u6709\u5C0A\u91CD\u57CE\u5E02\u5C45\u6C11\u7684\u9700\u6C42\u3002 \u5979\u7D44\u7E54\u4E86\u57FA\u5C64\u52AA\u529B\uFF0C\u4EE5\u4FDD\u8B77\u793E\u5340\u514D\u53D7\u201C\u57CE\u5E02\u66F4\u65B0\u201D\u548C\u201C\u8CA7\u6C11\u7A9F\u6E05\u7406\u201D\u7684\u5F71\u97FF\uFF0C\u7279\u5225\u662F\u7F85\u4F2F\u00B7\u6469\u65AF (Robert Moses) \u8A08\u5283\u5FB9\u5E95\u6539\u9020\u683C\u6797\u5A01\u6CBB\u6751\u793E\u5340\u3002\u5979\u5728\u6700\u7D42\u53D6\u6D88\u66FC\u54C8\u9813\u4E0B\u57CE\u9AD8\u901F\u516C\u8DEF\uFF08\u5EFA\u8A2D\uFF09\u65B9\u9762\u767C\u63EE\u4E86\u91CD\u8981\u4F5C\u7528\uFF0C\u8A72\u9AD8\u901F\u516C\u8DEF\u5C07\u76F4\u63A5\u7A7F\u904E\u5F8C\u4F86\u88AB\u7A31\u70BA SoHo \u7684\u66FC\u54C8\u9813\u5730\u5340\uFF0C\u4EE5\u53CA\u5C0F\u610F\u5927\u5229\u548C\u5510\u4EBA\u8857\u7684\u4E00\u90E8\u5206\u3002 \u5979\u65BC 1968 \u5E74\u56E0\u5728\u8A72\u9805\u76EE\u7684\u516C\u958B\u807D\u8B49\u6703\u4E0A\u300C\u717D\u52D5\u300D\u7FA4\u773E\u800C\u88AB\u6355\u3002 1968 \u5E74\u642C\u5230\u591A\u502B\u591A\u5F8C\uFF0C\u5979\u52A0\u5165\u4E86\u53CD\u5C0D Spadina \u9AD8\u901F\u516C\u8DEF\u548C\u591A\u502B\u591A\u6B63\u5728\u898F\u5283\u548C\u5EFA\u8A2D\u4E2D\u7684\u76F8\u95DC\u9AD8\u901F\u516C\u8DEF\u7DB2\u7D61\u3002 \u7576\u6642\uFF0C\u4F5C\u70BA\u4E00\u540D\u6279\u8A55\u7537\u6027\u4E3B\u5C0E\u7684\u57CE\u5E02\u898F\u5283\u9818\u57DF\u5C08\u5BB6\u7684\u5973\u6027\u548C\u4F5C\u5BB6 \uFF0C\u5979\u9996\u5148\u88AB\u63CF\u8FF0\u70BA\u5BB6\u5EAD\u4E3B\u5A66\uFF08\u5F88\u53EF\u80FD\u662F\u56E0\u70BA\u5979\u6C92\u6709\u5927\u5B78\u5B78\u4F4D\uFF0C\u6216\u53D7\u904E\u4EFB\u4F55\u57CE\u5E02\u898F\u5283\u65B9\u9762\u7684\u6B63\u898F\u57F9\u8A13\uFF09\uFF1B\u5979\u7684\u300C\u8CC7\u6B77\u300D\u7F3A\u4E4F\u88AB\u8996\u70BA\u6279\u8A55\u7684\u7406\u7531 \uFF0C\u7136\u800C\uFF0C\u5979\u7684\u6982\u5FF5\u7684\u5F71\u97FF\u6700\u7D42\u5F97\u5230\u4E86\u7406\u67E5\u00B7\u4F5B\u7F85\u91CC\u9054\u548C\u5C0F\u52DE\u52C3\u00B7\u76E7\u5361\u65AF\u7B49\u5099\u53D7\u5C0A\u656C\u7684\u5C08\u696D\u4EBA\u58EB\u7684\u8A8D\u53EF\u3002"@zh . . . . . . "1916-05-04"^^ . . . . "Jane Jacobs"@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . "Jane JACOBS [prononcu: \u011Cejn \u011Cejkabz] (4-a de majo 1916 \u2013 25-a de aprilo 2006) estis inter la plej famaj verkistoj pri urboplanado de Usono kaj Kanado (en kiuj \u015Di posedis civitanecon). \u015Cia fratino estis la aktiva Esperantistino (m. 1993). Jane Jacobs lo\u011Dis kun sia pli a\u011Da fratino plurajn jarojn kiam \u015Di alvenis al Novjorko. Jane Jacobs lo\u011Dis en , populara, malnova, maldensa kvartalo apud la urbo centro de Novjorko. \u015Ci skribis pozitive pri tiu \u0109i sperto. La a\u016Dtorino anka\u016D skribis pri la sendependeco de Kebekio. \u015Ci skribis favore al tiu."@eo . . . . . . . . . "Jane Jacobs, f\u00F6dd Butzner den 4 maj 1916 i Scranton i Pennsylvania, d\u00F6d 25 april 2006 i Toronto, Ontario, Kanada, var en amerikansk-kanadensisk f\u00F6rfattare och arkitektur- och stadsplaneringskritiker."@sv . . "Jane Jacobs"@ca . . . . "Jane Jacobs OC OOnt (n\u00E9e Butzner; 4 May 1916 \u2013 25 April 2006) was an American-Canadian journalist, author, theorist, and activist who influenced urban studies, sociology, and economics. Her book The Death and Life of Great American Cities (1961) argued that \"urban renewal\" and \"slum clearance\" did not respect the needs of city-dwellers. Jacobs organized grassroots efforts to protect neighborhoods from urban renewal and slum clearance \u2013 in particular plans by Robert Moses to overhaul her own Greenwich Village neighborhood. She was instrumental in the eventual cancellation of the Lower Manhattan Expressway, which would have passed directly through an area of Manhattan that later became known as SoHo, as well as part of Little Italy and Chinatown. She was arrested in 1968 for inciting a crowd at a public hearing on that project. After moving to Toronto in 1968, she joined the opposition to the Spadina Expressway and the associated network of expressways in Toronto that were planned and under construction. As a woman and a writer who criticized experts in the male-dominated field of urban planning, Jacobs endured scorn from established figures. Routinely, she was described first as a housewife, as she did not have a college degree or any formal training in urban planning; as a result, her lack of credentials was seized upon as grounds for criticism. However, the influence of her concepts eventually was acknowledged by highly respected professionals such as Richard Florida and Robert Lucas."@en . . "Jane Jacobs"@en . "\u062C\u0627\u064A\u0646 \u062C\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0632"@ar . . "2006-04-25"^^ . "1916-05-04"^^ . . . . "3"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u043D \u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u043A\u043E\u0431\u0441"@uk . . . . . "In her book 'Death and Life of Great American Cities,' written in 1961, Ms. Jacobs's enormous achievement was to transcend her own withering critique of 20th-century urban planning and propose radically new principles for rebuilding cities. At a time when both common and inspired wisdom called for bulldozing slums and opening up city space, Ms. Jacobs's prescription was ever more diversity, density and dynamism \u2013 in effect, to crowd people and activities together in a jumping, joyous urban jumble."@en . . . . . . . "Jane Jacobs"@pl . . "2015-06-27"^^ . . . . "Jane Butzner Jacobs (Scranton, Pennsylvania, 1916ko maiatzaren 4a - Toronto, 2006ko apirilaren 25a) Ameriketako Estatu Batuetan jaiotako kanadiar zientzia dibulgatzailea, hirigintzaren teorikoa eta ekintzaile soziopolitikoa izan zen. Bere eragin handieneko lana The Great Death and Life of American Cities (1961) izan zen. Lan horretan 1950eko hamarkadako Ameriketako Estatu Batuetan egindako Hiri-garapeneko praktikak gogorki kritikatu zituen, eta haren ustez, plangintzariek (hirigintza, ) espazio publikoaren suntsipena ekarri zuen eredu eskematiko idealak hartu zituzten. Metodo zientifiko berritzaileak eta diziplina artekoak (bai gizarte zientzieetatik bai zientzia naturaleetatik datozenak) erabiliz, autoreak indarkeriaren kausak hiriko eguneroko bizitzan identifikatu zituen, hala utzikeriagatik nola, aitzitik, elikatze onagatik, segurtasunagatik eta biziaren kalitateagatik. Bere lan literarioaz gain, Jacobs nabarmendu zen espontaneo gisa definitutako mugimendu sozialen antolakuntzako aktibismoagatik, batez ere, haren ustez, tokiko komunitateak suntsitzen zituzten hiriko proiektuak geldiarazteko. Lehenik, Estatu Batuetan, non bertan behera uztea lortu zuen; eta geroago Kanadan, nora 1968an emigratu zuen eta non eraiki nahi zituzten eta autopista sarea bertan behera uztea lortu zuen. \n* Datuak: Q234335 \n* Multimedia: Jane Jacobs"@eu . . . . "Jane Jacobs (n\u00E9e Jane Butzner le 4 mai 1916 \u00E0 Scranton en Pennsylvanie et morte le 25 avril 2006 \u00E0 Toronto) est une auteure, une militante des droits de l'homme et une philosophe de l'architecture et de l'urbanisme canado-am\u00E9ricaine. Ses th\u00E9ories ont sensiblement modifi\u00E9 l'urbanisme nord-am\u00E9ricain."@fr . . . . . . . "Jacobs as chair of a Greenwich Village civic group at a 1961 press conference"@en . . . . . . . . . . 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"Scranton, Pennsylvania, U.S."@en . . . . "\u062C\u0627\u064A\u0646 \u062C\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0632 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: Jane Jacobs)\u200F (4 \u0645\u0627\u064A\u0648 1916 - 25 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064A\u0644 2006) \u0635\u062D\u0641\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A\u0629 \u0643\u0646\u062F\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062A \u0630\u0627\u062A \u062A\u0623\u062B\u064A\u0631 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0636\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062A\u0635\u0627\u062F. \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062A \u0641\u064A \u0643\u062A\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u00AB\u0645\u0648\u062A \u0648\u062D\u064A\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u062F\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u00BB (1961) \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062C\u062F\u064A\u062F \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0636\u0631\u064A \u0644\u0627 \u064A\u062D\u062A\u0631\u0645 \u062D\u0627\u062C\u0627\u062A \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062F\u0646. \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062A\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u064B\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u062A\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062A\u0642\u062F\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062E\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064A \u0645\u062C\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062E\u0637\u064A\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0636\u0631\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u064A\u0647\u064A\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064A\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u060C \u0641\u0642\u062F \u062A\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062A \u062C\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062F\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u062E\u0635\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629. \u0648\u064F\u0635\u0641\u062A \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644. \u0644\u0645 \u062A\u062D\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u062C\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064A\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064A \u062A\u062F\u0631\u064A\u0628 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064A \u0641\u064A \u0645\u062C\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062E\u0637\u064A\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0636\u0631\u064A\u061B \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062A\u064F\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u062A\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062A\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0633\u0628\u0628\u064B\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062A\u0642\u0627\u062F\u0647\u0627."@ar . . . . . . "4295779" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Jane Jacobs"@nl . . . . . "2006"^^ . . . . "89819"^^ . . . "Jane Butzner"@en . . . . . . . . "--04-25"^^ . "1122294380"^^ . . . . . 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\u043D\u0430\u0432\u0447\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0432 \u0433\u0430\u043B\u0443\u0437\u0456 \u043C\u0456\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0457\u0457 \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u00AB\u043D\u0435\u0432\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C\u00BB \u0456 \u00AB\u043D\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0447\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C\u00BB."@uk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\"City Views: Urban studies legend Jane Jacobs on gentrification, the New Urbanism, and her legacy\", Reason, June 2001, Interviewer: Bill Steigerwald"@en . . . . "Jane Jacobs (Scranton, 4 maggio 1916 \u2013 Toronto, 25 aprile 2006) \u00E8 stata un'antropologa, scrittrice e attivista statunitense naturalizzata canadese. Le sue teorie hanno influito profondamente sui modelli di delle citt\u00E0 nordamericane. Autrice del rivoluzionario Vita e morte delle grandi citt\u00E0. Saggio sulle metropoli americane (1961), critic\u00F2 fermamente il modello di sviluppo delle citt\u00E0 moderne e fu accesa sostenitrice del recupero a misura d'uomo dei nuclei urbani, enfatizzando il ruolo della strada, del distretto, dell'isolato, della vicinanza e della densit\u00E0, della eterogeneit\u00E0 degli edifici. Critic\u00F2 la concezione della citt\u00E0 come spazio costruito per essere attraversato dalle automobili e fu nemica dichiarata delle autostrade urbane. Fu Presidente di vari comitati per impedire la costruzione di grandi arterie stradali urbane, sia negli Stati Uniti che nel Canada, dove si trasfer\u00EC nel 1969 in opposizione alla guerra del Vietnam, e dove visse fino alla morte. In onore di Jane Jacobs ogni anno, nel primo fine settimana di maggio, in numerose citt\u00E0 di tutto il mondo si tiene una manifestazione culturale denominata che consiste in passeggiate libere, gratuite, organizzate localmente, durante le quali le persone si riuniscono per esplorare, parlare e celebrare i loro quartieri, con lo scopo di sviluppare una tradizione e un\u2019educazione urbana, nonch\u00E9 un approccio progettuale basato sulla concertazione con la comunit\u00E0. Attualmente sul territorio italiano le walks vengono realizzate a Bologna, Cagliari, Catania, Milano, Napoli, Olbia, Perugia, Roma, San Benedetto Po, Trieste, Venaria Reale (Torino) e Viterbo."@it . . . . "\u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u043D \u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u043A\u043E\u0431\u0441 (\u043F\u0440\u0438 \u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0456 \u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u043D \u0411\u0430\u0442\u0446\u043D\u0435\u0440; 4 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u044F 1916 \u2014 25 \u043A\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043D\u044F 2006) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u043A\u0430\u043D\u0430\u0434\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043A\u0430, \u043F\u0438\u0441\u044C\u043C\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0438\u0446\u044F, \u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043A\u0430, \u0444\u0435\u043C\u0456\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043A\u0430, \u044F\u043A\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E \u0432\u043F\u043B\u0438\u043D\u0443\u043B\u0430 \u043D\u0430 \u043C\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F (\u0443\u0440\u0431\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0443), \u0441\u043E\u0446\u0456\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u044E \u0442\u0430 \u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u043A\u0443. \u0423 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0456\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456 \u00BB (1961) \u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u043A\u043E\u0431\u0441 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0436\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0430, \u0449\u043E \u043E\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043C\u0456\u0441\u0442 \u043D\u0435 \u0437\u0431\u0456\u0433\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0437 \u043F\u043E\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0431\u0456\u043B\u044C\u0448\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u0456\u0432. \u0423 \u043A\u043D\u0438\u0437\u0456 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043E \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0456 \u0441\u043E\u0446\u0456\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0456 \u043F\u043E\u043D\u044F\u0442\u0442\u044F, \u044F\u043A \u00AB\u043F\u043E\u0433\u043B\u044F\u0434 \u043D\u0430 \u0432\u0443\u043B\u0438\u0446\u044E\u00BB \u0456 \u00AB\u0441\u043E\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0446\u044F\u00BB."@uk . . . "Joint Committee to Stop the Lower Manhattan Expressway, Stop Spadina Save Our City Coordinating Committee"@en . . . "Jane Jacobs"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u043D \u0414\u0436\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0431\u0441 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Jane Jacobs; \u0443\u0440\u043E\u0436\u0434\u0451\u043D\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u043D \u0411\u0443\u0446\u043D\u0435\u0440, \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Jane Butzner; 4 \u043C\u0430\u044F 1916 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430, \u0421\u043A\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0442\u043E\u043D, \u0421\u0428\u0410 \u2014 25 \u0430\u043F\u0440\u0435\u043B\u044F 2006 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430, \u0422\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0442\u043E, \u041A\u0430\u043D\u0430\u0434\u0430) \u2014 \u043A\u0430\u043D\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043A\u043E-\u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u043F\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u0446\u0430, \u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043A\u0430, \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043A \u0433\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0438 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0436\u043D\u0438\u0446 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043D\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0443\u0440\u0431\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0437\u043C\u0430. \u0418\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043D\u0430 \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440 \u043A\u043D\u0438\u0433\u0438 \u00AB\u00BB (The Death and Life of Great American Cities, 1961 \u0433\u043E\u0434) \u0421\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0447\u0430\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044C \u0432 2006 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443 \u0432 \u0432\u043E\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435 89 \u043B\u0435\u0442."@ru . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u30B8\u30A7\u30A4\u30F3\u30FB\u30B8\u30A7\u30A4\u30B3\u30D6\u30BA\uFF08Jane Butzner Jacobs, 1916\u5E745\u67084\u65E5 - 2006\u5E744\u670825\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u5408\u8846\u56FD\u306E\u5973\u6027\u30CE\u30F3\u30D5\u30A3\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u4F5C\u5BB6\u30FB\u30B8\u30E3\u30FC\u30CA\u30EA\u30B9\u30C8\u3002\u90CA\u5916\u90FD\u5E02\u958B\u767A\u306A\u3069\u3092\u8AD6\u3058\u3001\u307E\u305F\u90FD\u5FC3\u306E\u8352\u5EC3\u3092\u544A\u767A\u3057\u305F\u904B\u52D5\u5BB6\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308B\u3002\u6700\u3082\u53CD\u97FF\u3092\u547C\u3093\u3060\u8457\u4F5C\u306F\u300E\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u5927\u90FD\u5E02\u306E\u6B7B\u3068\u751F\u300F\uFF081961\u5E74\uFF09\u3067\u3042\u308A\u3001\u300E\u90FD\u5E02\u306E\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u300F\uFF081986\u5E74\uFF09\u3068\u4E26\u3073\u90FD\u5E02\u8A08\u753B\u7814\u7A76\u306E\u91CD\u8981\u306A\u53E4\u5178\u3068\u306A\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u300E\u58CA\u308C\u3086\u304F\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u300F\uFF082004\u5E74\uFF09\u304C\u907A\u4F5C\u3068\u306A\u3063\u305F\u3002"@ja . .