. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u6CD5\u5B98\u5BE9\u5224\uFF08bench trial\uFF1B\u7121\u966A\u5BE9\u54E1\u5BE9\u5224\uFF09\u662F\u50C5\u7531\u6CD5\u5B98\u4F86\u5BE9\u5224\uFF0C\u800C\u6C92\u6709\u966A\u5BE9\u5718\u4F86\u966A\u5BE9\u4E4B\u6CD5\u5EAD\u5BE9\u5224\u3002\u8A72\u6CD5\u5F8B\u8853\u8A9E\u6700\u9069\u7528\u65BC\u8207\u7C21\u6613\u7A0B\u5E8F\u7F6A\u884C\u6709\u95DC\u7684\u4EFB\u4F55\u884C\u653F\u807D\u8B49\u6703\uFF0C\u4EE5\u6B64\u70BA\u5340\u5206\u7684\u5BE9\u5224\u985E\u578B\u3002\u8A31\u591A\u6CD5\u5F8B\u5236\u5EA6\uFF08\u6B50\u9678\u6CD5\u7CFB\u3001\u4F0A\u65AF\u862D\u6559\u6CD5\uFF09\u5C0D\u5927\u591A\u6578\u6216\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6848\u4EF6\uFF0C\u6216\u8005\u662F\u67D0\u4E9B\u7279\u5B9A\u985E\u578B\u7684\u6848\u4EF6\u6703\u4F7F\u7528\u6CD5\u5B98\u5BE9\u5224\u3002 \u5728\u966A\u5BE9\u5718\u4F5C\u51FA\u7684\u540C\u6642\uFF0C\u6CD5\u5B98\u5728\u50C5\u6709\u6CD5\u5B98\u7684\u5BE9\u5224\u4E2D\u4E5F\u6703\u505A\u51FA\u540C\u6A23\u7684\u3002"@zh . . "A bench trial is a trial by judge, as opposed to a trial by jury. The term applies most appropriately to any administrative hearing in relation to a summary offense to distinguish the type of trial. Many legal systems (Roman, Islamic) use bench trials for most or all cases or for certain types of cases. While a jury renders a verdict, a judge in a bench trial does the same by making a finding."@en . . . . . "6518"^^ . . . "1117283273"^^ . "Bench trial"@it . . . . "Il bench trial \u00E8 una particolare modalit\u00E0 di svolgimento del processo penale o civile statunitense, nel quale l'imputato rinuncia alla presenza della giuria in modo che il dibattimento si svolga unicamente di fronte al giudice (bench significa infatti \"panca\": in questo processo l'accusato \u00E8 da solo sul banco degli imputati)."@it . . . "Bench trial"@en . . . "\u6CD5\u5B98\u5BE9\u5224\uFF08bench trial\uFF1B\u7121\u966A\u5BE9\u54E1\u5BE9\u5224\uFF09\u662F\u50C5\u7531\u6CD5\u5B98\u4F86\u5BE9\u5224\uFF0C\u800C\u6C92\u6709\u966A\u5BE9\u5718\u4F86\u966A\u5BE9\u4E4B\u6CD5\u5EAD\u5BE9\u5224\u3002\u8A72\u6CD5\u5F8B\u8853\u8A9E\u6700\u9069\u7528\u65BC\u8207\u7C21\u6613\u7A0B\u5E8F\u7F6A\u884C\u6709\u95DC\u7684\u4EFB\u4F55\u884C\u653F\u807D\u8B49\u6703\uFF0C\u4EE5\u6B64\u70BA\u5340\u5206\u7684\u5BE9\u5224\u985E\u578B\u3002\u8A31\u591A\u6CD5\u5F8B\u5236\u5EA6\uFF08\u6B50\u9678\u6CD5\u7CFB\u3001\u4F0A\u65AF\u862D\u6559\u6CD5\uFF09\u5C0D\u5927\u591A\u6578\u6216\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6848\u4EF6\uFF0C\u6216\u8005\u662F\u67D0\u4E9B\u7279\u5B9A\u985E\u578B\u7684\u6848\u4EF6\u6703\u4F7F\u7528\u6CD5\u5B98\u5BE9\u5224\u3002 \u5728\u966A\u5BE9\u5718\u4F5C\u51FA\u7684\u540C\u6642\uFF0C\u6CD5\u5B98\u5728\u50C5\u6709\u6CD5\u5B98\u7684\u5BE9\u5224\u4E2D\u4E5F\u6703\u505A\u51FA\u540C\u6A23\u7684\u3002"@zh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Il bench trial \u00E8 una particolare modalit\u00E0 di svolgimento del processo penale o civile statunitense, nel quale l'imputato rinuncia alla presenza della giuria in modo che il dibattimento si svolga unicamente di fronte al giudice (bench significa infatti \"panca\": in questo processo l'accusato \u00E8 da solo sul banco degli imputati). Conclusosi il dibattimento, \u00E8 il giudice che condanna o assolve l'imputato (compito che, nel processo ordinario, spetta invece alla giuria), statuendo poi in ordine alla pretesa fatta valere nel processo civile o alla pena da infliggere se si tratta di procedimento penale. Questo speciale procedimento evita i costi ed i tempi lunghi che la celebrazione di un dibattimento in presenza della giuria implica, e nulla esclude che il giudice possa anche ricompensare l'imputato che opti per questo rito, infliggendo una pena minore in caso di condanna (nessun obbligo, comunque, grava sul magistrato)."@it . . . . "A bench trial is a trial by judge, as opposed to a trial by jury. The term applies most appropriately to any administrative hearing in relation to a summary offense to distinguish the type of trial. Many legal systems (Roman, Islamic) use bench trials for most or all cases or for certain types of cases. While a jury renders a verdict, a judge in a bench trial does the same by making a finding."@en . "666407"^^ . . "\u6CD5\u5B98\u5BE9\u5224"@zh . . .