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Statements

Subject Item
dbr:John_Tyler
rdf:type
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rdfs:label
John Tyler John Tyler 존 타일러 John Tyler جون تايلر John Tyler ジョン・タイラー John Tyler John Tyler Τζον Τάιλερ John Tyler John Tyler John Tyler John Tyler Тайлер, Джон John Tyler John Tyler John Tyler John Tyler Джон Тайлер 约翰·泰勒 John Tyler
rdfs:comment
John Tyler (Greenway, 29 marzo 1790 – Richmond, 18 gennaio 1862) è stato un politico statunitense. È stato il 10º Presidente degli Stati Uniti d'America, ma concluse la sua vita politica nel Congresso provvisorio confederato. John Tyler, Jr. (29 Maret 1790 – 18 Januari 1862) adalah Presiden dan Wakil Presiden Amerika Serikat ke-10. Ia menjabat presiden pada 1841-1845. Sebelumnya, ia menjabat Wakil Presiden Amerika Serikat. Ia menjadi wakil presiden pertama yang merangkap jabatan menjadi presiden dalam sejarah Amerika karena presiden yang sedang menjabat meninggal dunia. Selama menjadi presiden, Tyler banyak memveto proposal penting yang diajukan partainya, karena itulah tidak menyukainya. Kabinetnya dijuluki orang sebagai "bencana" dan menjadikan Tyler salah satu presiden yang diletakkan di rangking paling bawah. Джо́н Та́йлер младший (англ. John Tyler, Jr.; 29 марта 1790 года, округ Чарльз-Сити, штат Виргиния — 18 января 1862 года, Ричмонд, штат Виргиния) — десятый президент США (1841—1845). Тайлер стал первым президентом, вступившим на должность не по избранию, а как вице-президент после кончины действующего главы государства. John Tyler, né le 29 mars 1790 dans le comté de Charles City (Virginie) et mort le 18 janvier 1862 à Richmond (même État), est un homme d'État, militaire et avocat américain, 10e président des États-Unis et 10e vice-président des États-Unis. Джон Та́йлер (англ. John Tyler; 29 березня 1790 — 18 січня 1862) — десятий президент США (1841–1845 роки). Тайлер був першим президентом, що вступив на посаду як віцепрезидент по смерті чинного глави держави. 존 타일러(John Tyler, 1790년 3월 29일 ~ 1862년 1월 18일)는 미국의 10번째 대통령(1841~45)이다. 미국 독립 선언 이후 태어난 두 번째 대통령이고, 전임 대통령이 임기중에 사망함으로써 중도에 대통령직을 승계한 최초의 대통령이다. 그는 대통령직에서 물러날 때까지 양당으로부터 외면을 받았다. 타일러는 1842년에 아내가 병으로 죽은 후 1844년 백악관에 있는 동안 재혼을 했다. 그의 새 신부인 24세의 줄리아 가디너는 그보다 나이가 30살이나 적었다. 이 결혼은 그에게 치명적인 비판의 실마리를 제공했고, 더불어 과도하게 썼던 결혼 비용에 대해서도 많은 비웃음을 샀다. 이들 부부는 일곱 명의 자녀를 두었는데(타일러는 두 번의 결혼으로 모두 열다섯 명의 자녀를 두었다), 이로써 그는 역대 어떤 대통령과도 비교할 수 없을 정도로 가장 많은 자식을 둔 대통령이 되었다. 타일러의 임기 기간 중에 많은 지방들은 훗날에 자신들의 중요한 기호가 되는 것들이 나타났다. 그 예로 펜실베이니아주 피츠버그는 바쁜 철강업 도시가 되었고, 오하이오주 신시내티는 잘 포장된 거리들과 6세부터 10세까지의 어린이들을 필요하는 학교들을 자랑하였다. John Tyler, född 29 mars 1790 i , Virginia, död 18 januari 1862 i Richmond, Virginia, var en amerikansk politiker som var Virginias guvernör 1825–1827, senator 1827–1836, USA:s vicepresident under William Henry Harrison 1841 samt USA:s president 1841–1845. John Tyler jr. (Charles City County (Virginia), 29 maart 1790 - Richmond (Virginia), 18 januari 1862) was een Amerikaans politicus en slavenhouder. Hij was de 10e president van de Verenigde Staten. Eerder was hij de 10e vicepresident van de Verenigde Staten onder president William Henry Harrison, maar na diens vroegtijdig overlijden werd Tyler na één maand al beëdigd als president. Daarvoor was hij gouverneur van Virginia, senator en lid van het Huis van Afgevaardigden. 约翰·泰勒（英語：John Tyler，1790年3月29日－1862年1月18日）是第十任美国总统和副总统，他1840年与辉格党总统候选人威廉·亨利·哈里森搭档赢得大选，1841年就任副总统；哈里森入主白宫仅一个月就在同年四月病逝，泰勒继任直到1845年任期结束。泰勒坚决支持并提倡，对奴隶制问题也不例外，担任总统期间，他只愿在不侵犯州权的前提下推动国家权力政策。泰勒意外登上总统宝座对亨利·克莱等政治家的总统抱负构成威胁，他同两大政党逐渐形同陌路。 是弗吉尼亚名门，与同期美国南部大部分望族一样是奴隶主，泰勒在政坛动荡之际成为全国名流。民主共和黨是19世纪20年代美国，但没几年就随派系分裂。他本是，但在时反对安德鲁·杰克逊，认为杰克逊的行为侵犯州权，谴责总统在期间扩大行政权力。泰勒投向辉格党怀抱，先后担任弗吉尼亚州议员、州长、联邦众议员、联邦参议员。为吸引主张州权的南方选民，辉格党安排泰勒与哈里森搭档，战胜竞选连任的马丁·范布伦。 John Tyler (* 29. März 1790 im Charles City County, Virginia; † 18. Januar 1862 in Richmond, Virginia) war ein US-amerikanischer Politiker und als zehnter Präsident der Vereinigten Staaten vom 4. April 1841 bis zum 4. März 1845 im Amt. Er war der erste nicht gewählte Amtsinhaber im Weißen Haus. Nach dem Tode William Henry Harrisons stieg er aus dem Amt des zehnten Vizepräsidenten zum Präsidenten auf. Zuvor war er Gouverneur von Virginia gewesen und hatte diesen Bundesstaat auch im US-Senat vertreten. John Tyler, Jr. (29. března 1790 , Virginie – 18. ledna 1862 Richmond, Virginie) byl desátý prezident Spojených států amerických v letech 1841–1845. Byl zvolen viceprezidentem, prezidentem se stal po smrti Williama H. Harrisona; stal se tak prvním americkým prezidentem, který do této funkce nebyl přímo zvolen, a odsloužil takto téměř celé čtyřleté období (bez 1 měsíce). Byl prvním prezidentem, který se narodil po schválení Deklarace nezávislosti, je znám nejvíce díky anexi Texasu. John Tyler (Condado de Charles City, 29 de março de 1790 – Richmond, 18 de janeiro de 1862) foi um advogado e político norte-americano que serviu como o 10º presidente dos Estados Unidos entre 1841 e 1845, tendo antes brevemente servido como o 10º vice-presidente do país. Eleito pelo Partido Whig na eleição de 1840, Tyler tornou-se presidente com a morte de William Henry Harrison apenas um mês depois de sua posse. Era conhecido até aquele ponto como um apoiador dos direitos dos estados, algo que o fazia popular com o povo da Virgínia, porém suas ações como presidente mostraram sua disposição para apoiar políticas nacionalistas contanto que estas não infringissem os poderes estaduais. Mesmo assim, as circunstâncias inesperadas de sua ascensão à presidência e a ameaça de políticos ambiciosos John TYLER [ĝan tajler] (naskiĝis la 29-an de marto 1790 en Greenway, Virginio, mortis la 18-an de januaro 1862 en Richmond, Virginio) estis la deka prezidanto de Usono. Li fariĝis la usona vic-prezidento en 1841. Kiam la prezidanto William Henry Harrison mortis post 31 tagoj, Tyler asertis, ke li estas prezidanto. Iuj diris, ke li havu la potencojn sed ne la titolon de la prezidanto. John Tyler estis alta kaj maldika. En 1813 li edziĝis kun Letitia Christian, kiu mortis en 1842. En 1844 Tyler reedziĝis kun Julia Gardiner. Tyler havis 7 gefilojn per ĉiu edzino. Li estis episkopano. John Tyler (March 29, 1790 – January 18, 1862) was the tenth president of the United States, serving from 1841 to 1845, after briefly holding office as the tenth vice president in 1841. He was elected vice president on the 1840 Whig ticket with President William Henry Harrison, succeeding to the presidency following Harrison's death 31 days after assuming office. Tyler was a stalwart supporter and advocate of states' rights, including regarding slavery, and he adopted nationalistic policies as president only when they did not infringe on the states' powers. His unexpected rise to the presidency posed a threat to the presidential ambitions of Henry Clay and other Whig politicians and left Tyler estranged from both of the nation's major political parties at the time. جون تايلر (بالإنجليزية: John Tyler)‏ (29 مارس 1790 - 18 يناير 1862) هو الرئيس العاشر للولايات المتحدة (1841-1845). وكان لفترة وجيزة نائب الرئيس العاشر (1841)، وانتخب لهذا المنصب عن حزب اليمين في انتخابات عام 1840 مع وليام هنري هاريسون. أصبح تايلر الرئيس بعد وفاة هاريسون في أبريل 1841، وذلك بعد شهر واحد فقط من بدء فترة حكمه. كان معروفا عنه قبل انتخابه تأييده ، الأمر الذي حبب إليه مواطني ولايته فرجينيا، وأظهرت قراراته كرئيس أنه كان على استعداد لدعم السياسات الوطنية طالما أنها لا تتعدى على صلاحيات الولايات. ومع ذلك، فإن الظروف التي رفعته لرئاسة الجمهورية دون سابق إنذار، وكذلك تهديده لطموحات الرئاسة لدى سياسيين مثل هنري كلاي وغيرهم، كلها عوامل تركته مبعدا من أفراد الحزبين الرئيسيين. كان تايلر مؤمنا بمذهب المصير الحتمي، وسعى لتقوية الاتحاد والحفاظ عليه من خلال التوسع الإقليمي، أبرز ما فعله في ه John Tyler (ur. 29 marca 1790 w hrabstwie Charles City, zm. 18 stycznia 1862 w Richmond) – amerykański prawnik i polityk, dziesiąty prezydent USA. John Tyler (Condado de Charles City, Virginia, 29 de marzo de 1790-Richmond, Virginia, 18 de enero de 1862) fue el décimo presidente de los Estados Unidos (1841-1845) después de ocupar brevemente el cargo de décimo vicepresidente de marzo a abril de 1841. Tyler se convirtió en el primer vicepresidente en suceder a la presidencia sin haberse presentado a una elección. Sirvió más tiempo que cualquier otro presidente en la historia de los Estados Unidos que no fue elegido para el cargo. Para evitar cualquier incertidumbre constitucional, Tyler inmediatamente prestó juramento, se trasladó a la Casa Blanca y asumió plenos poderes presidenciales, un precedente que regiría sucesiones futuras y fue codificado en la Vigesimoquinta Enmienda. Ο Τζον Τάιλερ (αγγλ. John Tyler, 29 Μαρτίου 1790 - 18 Ιανουαρίου 1862) ήταν ο 10ος Πρόεδρος των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών Αμερικής. Διετέλεσε Πρόεδρος από τις 4 Απριλίου 1841 έως τις 4 Μαρτίου 1845. Ήταν ο πρώτος Πρόεδρος που ανέλαβε τα καθήκοντά του εξαιτίας του θανάτου του προκατόχου του. Η στάση του Τάιλερ εναντίον του Εθνικισμού και η εμφατική υποστήριξη των δικαιωμάτων των πολιτειών, τον έκαναν ιδιαίτερα προσφιλή στους πολίτες της Βιρτζίνια, αλλά τον αποξένωσαν από τους περισσότερους πολιτικούς του συμμάχους, οι οποίοι τον έφεραν στην εξουσία στην Ουάσινγκτον. ジョン・タイラー（John Tyler, 1790年3月29日 - 1862年1月18日）は、アメリカ合衆国の政治家。第14代副大統領および第10代大統領。独立宣言署名後に生まれた2人目の大統領、および大統領の死に際して副大統領から昇格した最初の大統領である。また、所属政党を持たなかった2人の大統領のうち1人（のちのもう1人は17代アンドリュー・ジョンソン大統領。初代大統領ジョージ・ワシントンも無党派を標榜したが実質的には連邦党政権であった）である。 John Tyler (Charles City konderria, Virginia, AEB, 1790eko martxoaren 29a - Richmond, Virginia, AEB, 1862ko urtarrilaren 18a) Ameriketako Estatu Batuetako presidentea izan zen. 1837ko izutik suspertzea eta, horri lotuta, Bankuaren gaia izan ziren bere presidentetzako erronka nagusiak. Ba é John Tyler (29 Márta 1790 - 18 Eanáir 1862) 10ú uachtarán Stát Aontaithe Mheiriceá. Bhí sé i bhfeidhmeannas ón 4 Aibreán 1841 go dtí an 4 Márta 1845. John Tyler, Jr (29 de març del 1790 - 18 de gener del 1862), fou el desè president dels Estats Units entre el 1841 i el 1845. Ja havia estat Vicepresident durant el brevíssim mandat del seu predecessor, William Henry Harrison. Va tenir problemes per governar a causa de l'oposició dels que anteriorment li havien donat suport. El fet principal de la seva presidència fou l'annexió de Texas.
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John Tyler Signature 2.svg
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President of the United States 23 10 dbr:President_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate
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Mary Armistead John Tyler Sr.
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John Tyler William Henry Harrison
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lawyer Politician
dbp:quote
What has caused this great commotion, motion, Our country through? It is the ball a-rolling on, For Tippecanoe and Tyler too, Tippecanoe and Tyler too. And with them, we'll beat the little Van, Van, Van Van is a used-up man.
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— Campaign song from the 1840 election
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1813-03-29 dbr:Julia_Gardiner_Tyler dbr:Letitia_Christian_Tyler 1844-06-26 1842-09-10
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Articles related to John Tyler Offices and distinctions
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Tylerism
dbo:abstract
John TYLER [ĝan tajler] (naskiĝis la 29-an de marto 1790 en Greenway, Virginio, mortis la 18-an de januaro 1862 en Richmond, Virginio) estis la deka prezidanto de Usono. Li fariĝis la usona vic-prezidento en 1841. Kiam la prezidanto William Henry Harrison mortis post 31 tagoj, Tyler asertis, ke li estas prezidanto. Iuj diris, ke li havu la potencojn sed ne la titolon de la prezidanto. John Tyler estis alta kaj maldika. En 1813 li edziĝis kun Letitia Christian, kiu mortis en 1842. En 1844 Tyler reedziĝis kun Julia Gardiner. Tyler havis 7 gefilojn per ĉiu edzino. Li estis episkopano. Dum lia administrado (1831-1845) okazis la Vetoo de la Tria Nacia Banko (1841), la (1841), la (1842) kaj la (1844). جون تايلر (بالإنجليزية: John Tyler)‏ (29 مارس 1790 - 18 يناير 1862) هو الرئيس العاشر للولايات المتحدة (1841-1845). وكان لفترة وجيزة نائب الرئيس العاشر (1841)، وانتخب لهذا المنصب عن حزب اليمين في انتخابات عام 1840 مع وليام هنري هاريسون. أصبح تايلر الرئيس بعد وفاة هاريسون في أبريل 1841، وذلك بعد شهر واحد فقط من بدء فترة حكمه. كان معروفا عنه قبل انتخابه تأييده ، الأمر الذي حبب إليه مواطني ولايته فرجينيا، وأظهرت قراراته كرئيس أنه كان على استعداد لدعم السياسات الوطنية طالما أنها لا تتعدى على صلاحيات الولايات. ومع ذلك، فإن الظروف التي رفعته لرئاسة الجمهورية دون سابق إنذار، وكذلك تهديده لطموحات الرئاسة لدى سياسيين مثل هنري كلاي وغيرهم، كلها عوامل تركته مبعدا من أفراد الحزبين الرئيسيين. كان تايلر مؤمنا بمذهب المصير الحتمي، وسعى لتقوية الاتحاد والحفاظ عليه من خلال التوسع الإقليمي، أبرز ما فعله في هذا الإطار هو ضم جمهورية تكساس المستقلة في أيام رئاسته الأخيرة. ولد تايلر لعائلة مرموقة من فرجينيا، وبزغ نجمه في زمن الاضطرابات السياسية. ففي عشرينات القرن التاسع عشر، انقسم الحزب السياسي الوحيد في البلاد، الجمهوري الديمقراطي، إلى عدة فصائل. ورغم أنه كان ذا ميول ديمقراطية، فقد تحالف مع حزب اليمين لأنه كان يعارض أندرو جاكسون ومارتن فان بيورين. دخل تايلر المجلس التشريعي لولاية فرجينيا، وأصبح حاكما عليها ونائبا لها في مجلس النواب، وسيناتورا عن الولاية في مجلس الشيوخ قبل انتخابه في منصب نائب الرئيس في انتخابات العام 1840. وكان قد أدرج في الانتحاب لجذب الجنوبيين الذين أيدوا حقوق الولايات في ما كان يعرف آنذاك بالائتلاف اليميني ليضمنوا هزيمة مارتن فان بيورين الذي ترشح لولاية ثانية. توفي هاريسون فجأة بذات الرئة بعد شهر من توليه المنصب، وأصبح تايلر أول نائب رئيس يتولى الرئاسة خلفا لسابقه دون أن ينتخب للمنصب. كما تولى المنصب لأطول مدة قضاها رئيس غير منتخب، وذلك لقصر مدة ولاية هاريسون. أدى تايلر اليمين الدستورية على الفور، وذلك ليستبق أي إجراءات دستورية غير متوقعة، وانتقل إلى البيت الأبيض واستلم كافة صلاحياته الرئاسية كاملة، وهي سابقة من شأنها أن تحكم عملية خلافة الرئيس في المستقبل، وتم تقنينها في النهاية في التعديل الدستوري الخامس والعشرين. كان تايلر مفسر قوانين صارم، ووجد أن أغلب الأسس التي بني عليها حزب اليمين غير دستورية، ونقض العديد من مشاريع القوانين التي قدمها حزبه. كان يرى أن الرئيس ينبغي أن يحدد السياسة بدلا من أن يذعن للكونغرس، وحاول تجاوز مؤسسة حزب اليمين، والأخص السيناتور هنري كلاي من كنتاكي. استقال معظم وزراء تايلر بعد توليه بفترة قصيرة، وطرده زملاؤه اليمينيون من الحزب. ورغم أن تايلر لم يكن أول رئيس يصوت بالنقض على القوانين، إلا أنه كان أول رئيس تم تجاوز نقضه من قبل الكونغرس. واجه تايلر حالة من الجمود في السياسة الداخلية، ولكن يحسب له العديد من الإنجازات في مجال السياسة الخارجية، بما في ذلك معاهدة وبستر-أشبرتون مع بريطانيا ومعاهدة وانغهيا مع سلالة تشينغ الصينية. كرس الرئيس تايلر في السنتين الأخيرتين في منصبه لضم تكساس. وسعى في البداية ليترشح للانتخابات الرئاسية لفترة ولاية كاملة، ولكنه قرر الانسحاب بعد أن فشل في الحصول على الدعم من اليمينيين أو الديمقراطيين على حد سواء. وفي الأيام الأخيرة من ولايته، أصدر الكونغرس قرارا يجيز ضم تكساس والذي نفذه خليفة تايلر، جيمس بوك. وقف تايلر مع الحكومة الكونفدرالية عندما اندلعت الحرب الأهلية في عام 1861، وفاز في انتخابات مجلس النواب الكونفدرالي قبل فترة وجيزة من وفاته. أشاد البعض بما امتلكه تايلر من تصميم في السياسة، إلا أن عموم المؤرخين لا يقيمون الكثير من التقدير لفترة حكمه؛ ويعتبر اليوم رئيسا منسيا، ولم يقدم الكثير في الذاكرة الثقافية الأمريكية. ジョン・タイラー（John Tyler, 1790年3月29日 - 1862年1月18日）は、アメリカ合衆国の政治家。第14代副大統領および第10代大統領。独立宣言署名後に生まれた2人目の大統領、および大統領の死に際して副大統領から昇格した最初の大統領である。また、所属政党を持たなかった2人の大統領のうち1人（のちのもう1人は17代アンドリュー・ジョンソン大統領。初代大統領ジョージ・ワシントンも無党派を標榜したが実質的には連邦党政権であった）である。 Джо́н Та́йлер младший (англ. John Tyler, Jr.; 29 марта 1790 года, округ Чарльз-Сити, штат Виргиния — 18 января 1862 года, Ричмонд, штат Виргиния) — десятый президент США (1841—1845). Тайлер стал первым президентом, вступившим на должность не по избранию, а как вице-президент после кончины действующего главы государства. John Tyler, Jr. (29. března 1790 , Virginie – 18. ledna 1862 Richmond, Virginie) byl desátý prezident Spojených států amerických v letech 1841–1845. Byl zvolen viceprezidentem, prezidentem se stal po smrti Williama H. Harrisona; stal se tak prvním americkým prezidentem, který do této funkce nebyl přímo zvolen, a odsloužil takto téměř celé čtyřleté období (bez 1 měsíce). Byl prvním prezidentem, který se narodil po schválení Deklarace nezávislosti, je znám nejvíce díky anexi Texasu. 존 타일러(John Tyler, 1790년 3월 29일 ~ 1862년 1월 18일)는 미국의 10번째 대통령(1841~45)이다. 미국 독립 선언 이후 태어난 두 번째 대통령이고, 전임 대통령이 임기중에 사망함으로써 중도에 대통령직을 승계한 최초의 대통령이다. 그는 대통령직에서 물러날 때까지 양당으로부터 외면을 받았다. 타일러는 1842년에 아내가 병으로 죽은 후 1844년 백악관에 있는 동안 재혼을 했다. 그의 새 신부인 24세의 줄리아 가디너는 그보다 나이가 30살이나 적었다. 이 결혼은 그에게 치명적인 비판의 실마리를 제공했고, 더불어 과도하게 썼던 결혼 비용에 대해서도 많은 비웃음을 샀다. 이들 부부는 일곱 명의 자녀를 두었는데(타일러는 두 번의 결혼으로 모두 열다섯 명의 자녀를 두었다), 이로써 그는 역대 어떤 대통령과도 비교할 수 없을 정도로 가장 많은 자식을 둔 대통령이 되었다. 타일러의 임기 기간 중에 많은 지방들은 훗날에 자신들의 중요한 기호가 되는 것들이 나타났다. 그 예로 펜실베이니아주 피츠버그는 바쁜 철강업 도시가 되었고, 오하이오주 신시내티는 잘 포장된 거리들과 6세부터 10세까지의 어린이들을 필요하는 학교들을 자랑하였다. Ο Τζον Τάιλερ (αγγλ. John Tyler, 29 Μαρτίου 1790 - 18 Ιανουαρίου 1862) ήταν ο 10ος Πρόεδρος των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών Αμερικής. Διετέλεσε Πρόεδρος από τις 4 Απριλίου 1841 έως τις 4 Μαρτίου 1845. Ήταν ο πρώτος Πρόεδρος που ανέλαβε τα καθήκοντά του εξαιτίας του θανάτου του προκατόχου του. Η στάση του Τάιλερ εναντίον του Εθνικισμού και η εμφατική υποστήριξη των δικαιωμάτων των πολιτειών, τον έκαναν ιδιαίτερα προσφιλή στους πολίτες της Βιρτζίνια, αλλά τον αποξένωσαν από τους περισσότερους πολιτικούς του συμμάχους, οι οποίοι τον έφεραν στην εξουσία στην Ουάσινγκτον. Ο Τάιλερ ήταν γόνος αριστοκρατικής οικογένειας της Βιρτζίνια αγγλικής καταγωγής. Ήρθε στο πολιτικό προσκήνιο σε μια περίοδο πολιτικής αναταραχής. Μέχρι το 1820 το μόνο πολιτικο κόμμα των ΗΠΑ, το Δημοκρατικό - Ρεπουμπλικανικό, άρχισε να διασπάται σε τμήματα, κανένα από τα οποία δεν μοιραζόταν τις ίδιες ιδέες με τον Τάιλερ. Η αντίθεσή του με τους ηγέτες του Δημοκρατικού κόμματος Άντριου Τζάκσον και Μάρτιν Βαν Μπιούρεν τον οδήγησαν στο να εκλεγεί Αντιπρόεδρος του κόμματος των . Στις 4 Απριλίου 1841, ο θάνατος του Προέδρου Ουίλιαμ Χένρι Χάρισον, ένα μόλις μήνα μετά την ορκωμοσία του, πυροδότησε μια σύντομη συνταγματική κρίση σχετικά με τη διαδικασία διαδοχής. Αυτή η κρίση τελικά έδωσε απάντηση σε πολλά ερωτήματα σχετικά με την προεδρική διαδοχή, τα οποία έμεναν αναπάντητα από το Σύνταγμα μέχρι το πέρασμα της 25ης τροπολογίας του Συντάγματος. Ο Τάιλερ ανέλαβε τα καθήκοντα ως Πρόεδρος στις 6 Απριλίου 1841. Μόλις έγινε Πρόεδρος στάθηκε ενάντια στο κόμμα του και άσκησε βέτο σε αρκετές από τις προτάσεις του. Ως αποτέλεσμα, το μεγαλύτερο μέρος του υπουργικού του συμβουλίου παραιτήθηκε, και οι Ουίγοι τον έδιωξαν από το κόμμα. Αν και αντιμετώπισε αδιέξοδο στην εσωτερική του πολιτική, πραγματοποίησε πολλές επιτυχίες στην εξωτερική πολιτική, υπογράφοντας τη Συνθήκη Webster–Ashburton με τη Βρετανία και τη Συνθήκη της Wanghia με την Κίνα. Ο Τάιλερ αφοσίωσε τα τελευταία δύο χρόνια της θητείας του στο μεγαλύτερο όπως αποδείχθηκε επίτευγμά του, την προσάρτηση της Δημοκρατίας του Τέξας το 1845. Με ελάχιστες ελπίδες επανεκλογής, δημιούργησε έναν τρίτο κόμμα με στόχο την αλλαγή της γνώμης του λαού υπέρ της προσάρτησης, το οποίο οδήγησε στη νίκη στις προεδρικές εκλογές του 1844 του επεκτατικού Δημοκράτη Τζέιμς Νοξ Πολκ εις βάρος των αντιπάλων του Τάιλερ, Χένρι Κλέι και Βαν Μπιούρεν. Ο Τάιλερ ουσιαστικά αποσύρθηκε από την εκλογική πολιτική μέχρι το ξέσπασμα του Αμερικανικού Εμφυλίου Πολέμου το 1861. Τάχθηκε με το μέρος της Συνομοσπονδίας (Νότος) και εκλέχτηκε στη Βουλή των Αντιπροσώπων της Συνομοσπονδίας λίγο πριν το θάνατό του. Εξαιτίας της αντίθεσής του με τις ΗΠΑ (Βορράς), ο θάνατός του ήταν ο μόνος στην προεδρική ιστορία ο οποίος δεν θρηνήθηκε επίσημα από την Ουάσινγκτον. Αν και μερικοί έχουν εγκωμιάσει την πολιτική βούληση του Τάιλερ, η προεδρία του γενικά είναι χαμηλής εκτίμησης από τους ιστορικούς. Σήμερα θεωρείται ένας αφανής πρόεδρος, με μικρή παρουσία στην Αμερικανική πολιτιστική μνήμη. John Tyler, Jr. (29 Maret 1790 – 18 Januari 1862) adalah Presiden dan Wakil Presiden Amerika Serikat ke-10. Ia menjabat presiden pada 1841-1845. Sebelumnya, ia menjabat Wakil Presiden Amerika Serikat. Ia menjadi wakil presiden pertama yang merangkap jabatan menjadi presiden dalam sejarah Amerika karena presiden yang sedang menjabat meninggal dunia. Selama menjadi presiden, Tyler banyak memveto proposal penting yang diajukan partainya, karena itulah tidak menyukainya. Kabinetnya dijuluki orang sebagai "bencana" dan menjadikan Tyler salah satu presiden yang diletakkan di rangking paling bawah. Pada akhirnya Tyler lebih menunjukkan kesetiaannya pada prinsip-prinsipnya dan negara bagian asalnya dibandingkan dengan negara konfederasi yang ia pimpin sebagai presiden. Walaupun begitu, pada era kepresidenan John Tyler terjadi evolusi penting partai-partai politik. Pada masa Presiden Tyler juga-lah ditentukannya tempat sebuah dan dimulainya kebijaksanaan baru di Amerika Serikat. John Tyler (Condado de Charles City, 29 de março de 1790 – Richmond, 18 de janeiro de 1862) foi um advogado e político norte-americano que serviu como o 10º presidente dos Estados Unidos entre 1841 e 1845, tendo antes brevemente servido como o 10º vice-presidente do país. Eleito pelo Partido Whig na eleição de 1840, Tyler tornou-se presidente com a morte de William Henry Harrison apenas um mês depois de sua posse. Era conhecido até aquele ponto como um apoiador dos direitos dos estados, algo que o fazia popular com o povo da Virgínia, porém suas ações como presidente mostraram sua disposição para apoiar políticas nacionalistas contanto que estas não infringissem os poderes estaduais. Mesmo assim, as circunstâncias inesperadas de sua ascensão à presidência e a ameaça de políticos ambiciosos como Henry Clay afastaram-no de ambos os grandes partidos da época. Tyler firmemente acreditava no destino manifesto e procurou fortalecer e preservar a União através da expansão territorial, mais notavelmente anexando a República do Texas em seus últimos dias na presidência. Tyler nasceu em uma eminente família do estado da Virgínia, chegando à proeminência nacional durante uma época de agitações políticas. O único partido do país na década de 1820, o Democrata-Republicano, havia se dividido em duas facções. Ele inicialmente ficou com os Democratas, porém sua oposição contra Andrew Jackson e Martin Van Buren finalmente o fez migrar para o Partido Whig. Tyler serviu como deputado estadual, governador da Virgínia, deputado federal e senador antes de ser eleito vice-presidente em 1840. Ele foi colocado na chapa com o objetivo de atrair sulistas apoiadores dos direitos estaduais para o que na época era uma coligação a fim de frustrar a reeleição de Van Buren. A morte de Harrison fez de Tyler o primeiro vice-presidente dos Estados Unidos a ascender à presidência sem ter sido eleito para a posição. Ele imediatamente fez o juramento do cargo, mudou-se para a Casa Branca e assumiu plenamente os poderes presidenciais com o objetivo de impedir quaisquer incertezas constitucionais, estabelecendo um precedente que seria usado por mais de um século até ser eventualmente codificado na Vigésima Quinta Emenda. Tyler achava que a maior parte da plataforma Whig era inconstitucional, vetando vários projetos de lei de seu partido. Ele acreditava que o presidente deveria estabelecer a política do país em vez de deferi-la ao Congresso, tentando evitar o establishment Whig, mais notavelmente o senador Clay. A maioria do gabinete de Tyler rapidamente renunciou, com os Whig expulsando-o do partido e apelidando-o de "Sua Acidência". Apesar de não ter sido o primeiro presidente a vetar projetos de lei, foi o primeiro a ter seu veto anulado pelo Congresso. Tyler conseguiu alcançar realizações internacionais apesar dos impasses na política nacional, como a assinatura do Tratado Webster-Ashburton com o Reino Unido e o Tratado de Wanghia com a Dinastia Qing. Tyler dedicou os dois últimos anos de sua presidência à anexação do Texas. Ele inicialmente tentou ser reeleito presidente, porém retirou-se da disputa após não conseguir apoio. O Congresso acabou aprovando durante seus últimos dias no cargo uma resolução autorizando a anexação do Texas, algo que foi realizado por seu sucessor James K. Polk. Tyler ficou do lado dos Estados Confederados da América quando a Guerra de Secessão começou em 1861, sendo eleito para o congresso confederado pouco antes de morrer. Historiadores já elogiaram a determinação política de Tyler, porém sua presidência é geralmente tida em baixa estima. Atualmente ele é considerado um presidente obscuro com pouca presença na memória cultural dos Estados Unidos. Джон Та́йлер (англ. John Tyler; 29 березня 1790 — 18 січня 1862) — десятий президент США (1841–1845 роки). Тайлер був першим президентом, що вступив на посаду як віцепрезидент по смерті чинного глави держави. Ba é John Tyler (29 Márta 1790 - 18 Eanáir 1862) 10ú uachtarán Stát Aontaithe Mheiriceá. Bhí sé i bhfeidhmeannas ón 4 Aibreán 1841 go dtí an 4 Márta 1845. John Tyler (March 29, 1790 – January 18, 1862) was the tenth president of the United States, serving from 1841 to 1845, after briefly holding office as the tenth vice president in 1841. He was elected vice president on the 1840 Whig ticket with President William Henry Harrison, succeeding to the presidency following Harrison's death 31 days after assuming office. Tyler was a stalwart supporter and advocate of states' rights, including regarding slavery, and he adopted nationalistic policies as president only when they did not infringe on the states' powers. His unexpected rise to the presidency posed a threat to the presidential ambitions of Henry Clay and other Whig politicians and left Tyler estranged from both of the nation's major political parties at the time. Tyler was born into a prominent slaveholding Virginia family. He became a national figure at a time of political upheaval. In the 1820s, the nation's only political party was the Democratic-Republican Party, and it split into factions. Initially a Democrat, Tyler opposed President Andrew Jackson during the Nullification Crisis as he saw Jackson's actions as infringing on states' rights and criticized Jackson's expansion of executive power during the Bank War. This led Tyler to ally with the Whig Party. He served as a Virginia state legislator and governor, U.S. representative, and U.S. senator. Tyler was a regional Whig vice-presidential nominee in the 1836 presidential election; they lost. He was the sole nominee on the 1840 Whig presidential ticket as William Henry Harrison's running mate. Under the campaign slogan "Tippecanoe and Tyler Too", the Harrison-Tyler ticket defeated incumbent president Martin Van Buren. President Harrison died just one month after taking office, and Tyler became the first vice president to succeed to the presidency. Amid uncertainty as to whether a vice president succeeded a deceased president, or merely took on his duties, Tyler immediately took the presidential oath of office, setting a lasting precedent. He signed into law some of the Whig-controlled Congress's bills, but he was a strict constructionist and vetoed the party's most important bills to create a national bank and raise tariff rates. He believed that the president, rather than Congress, should set policy, and he sought to bypass the Whig establishment led by Senator Henry Clay. Most of Tyler's cabinet resigned shortly into his term and the Whigs expelled him from the party, dubbing him "His Accidency". Tyler was the first president to have his veto of legislation overridden by Congress. He faced a stalemate on domestic policy, although he had several foreign-policy achievements, including the Webster–Ashburton Treaty with Britain and the Treaty of Wanghia with China. Tyler firmly believed in manifest destiny and saw the annexation of Texas as economically advantageous to the United States, signing a bill to offer Texas statehood just before leaving office and returning to his plantation. When the American Civil War began in 1861, Tyler at first supported the Peace Conference. When it failed he sided with the Confederacy. He presided over the opening of the Virginia Secession Convention and served as a member of the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States. Tyler subsequently won election to the Confederate House of Representatives but died before it assembled. Some scholars have praised Tyler's political resolve, but historians have generally given his presidency a low ranking. Tyler did make progress in combining the American and British navies to stop oceanic African slave trafficking under the Webster-Ashburton Treaty. That treaty also peacefully settled the border between Maine and Canada. Today, Tyler is seldom remembered in comparison to other presidents and maintains only a limited presence in American cultural memory. John Tyler (Charles City konderria, Virginia, AEB, 1790eko martxoaren 29a - Richmond, Virginia, AEB, 1862ko urtarrilaren 18a) Ameriketako Estatu Batuetako presidentea izan zen. 1837ko izutik suspertzea eta, horri lotuta, Bankuaren gaia izan ziren bere presidentetzako erronka nagusiak. John Tyler (* 29. März 1790 im Charles City County, Virginia; † 18. Januar 1862 in Richmond, Virginia) war ein US-amerikanischer Politiker und als zehnter Präsident der Vereinigten Staaten vom 4. April 1841 bis zum 4. März 1845 im Amt. Er war der erste nicht gewählte Amtsinhaber im Weißen Haus. Nach dem Tode William Henry Harrisons stieg er aus dem Amt des zehnten Vizepräsidenten zum Präsidenten auf. Zuvor war er Gouverneur von Virginia gewesen und hatte diesen Bundesstaat auch im US-Senat vertreten. John Tyler, född 29 mars 1790 i , Virginia, död 18 januari 1862 i Richmond, Virginia, var en amerikansk politiker som var Virginias guvernör 1825–1827, senator 1827–1836, USA:s vicepresident under William Henry Harrison 1841 samt USA:s president 1841–1845. 约翰·泰勒（英語：John Tyler，1790年3月29日－1862年1月18日）是第十任美国总统和副总统，他1840年与辉格党总统候选人威廉·亨利·哈里森搭档赢得大选，1841年就任副总统；哈里森入主白宫仅一个月就在同年四月病逝，泰勒继任直到1845年任期结束。泰勒坚决支持并提倡，对奴隶制问题也不例外，担任总统期间，他只愿在不侵犯州权的前提下推动国家权力政策。泰勒意外登上总统宝座对亨利·克莱等政治家的总统抱负构成威胁，他同两大政党逐渐形同陌路。 是弗吉尼亚名门，与同期美国南部大部分望族一样是奴隶主，泰勒在政坛动荡之际成为全国名流。民主共和黨是19世纪20年代美国，但没几年就随派系分裂。他本是，但在时反对安德鲁·杰克逊，认为杰克逊的行为侵犯州权，谴责总统在期间扩大行政权力。泰勒投向辉格党怀抱，先后担任弗吉尼亚州议员、州长、联邦众议员、联邦参议员。为吸引主张州权的南方选民，辉格党安排泰勒与哈里森搭档，战胜竞选连任的马丁·范布伦。 哈里森总统上任仅一个月就病逝，泰勒是首位未经选举上台的美国总统；美国史上其他未经选举上台的总统任职时间都不及泰勒。《美国宪法》语焉不详，泰勒抢先行动马上并搬进白宮，接掌全部总统权力，成为后世副总统继位先例并写入美利坚合众国宪法第二十五条修正案。泰勒签署辉格党主导国会通过的部分法案，但他力主，否决该党创办国民银行、提升关税的法案。泰勒认为政策应由总统而非国会主导，企图绕过肯塔基州联邦参议员克莱为首的辉格党势力。泰勒上台后不久大部分内阁辞职，辉格党人嘲笑他是“碰巧总统”，甚至把他开除出党。泰勒是首位遭国会推翻否决的总统，他在国内政策陷入僵局，但外交领域不无小补，与英国签署《韦伯斯特－阿什伯顿条约》并同清朝签订《望廈條約》。 德克萨斯共和国1836年脱离墨西哥，坚信昭昭天命的泰勒竭力推动该国并入联邦，认为美国经济将由此迎来重大机遇。他一度考虑竞选连任，但辉格党和民主党都无意支持，最后泰勒放弃竞选支持同样主张兼并德克萨斯的詹姆斯·诺克斯·波尔克。波尔克胜出后泰勒在离任三天前签署兼并德克萨斯的法案，波尔克上台后落实程序。1861年南北战争爆发，泰勒支持邦联并在去世前不久赢得席位。学者称赞泰勒政治立场坚定，但史学家评比美国总统历史排名时普遍将他排在偏后。与其他总统相比，泰勒在美国文化记忆里形象模糊，记得他的人很少。 John Tyler, Jr (29 de març del 1790 - 18 de gener del 1862), fou el desè president dels Estats Units entre el 1841 i el 1845. Ja havia estat Vicepresident durant el brevíssim mandat del seu predecessor, William Henry Harrison. Va tenir problemes per governar a causa de l'oposició dels que anteriorment li havien donat suport. El fet principal de la seva presidència fou l'annexió de Texas. Va proposar reformes fiscals per aconseguir més diners i eixugar el deute creixent del país, però els seus opositors van vetar gran part de les seves iniciatives (amb una fracassada moció de censura inclosa, la primera dels Estats Units). Sota el seu mandat va iniciar-se l'expansió cap al Pacífic, amb el reforçament de l'exèrcit naval. John Tyler jr. (Charles City County (Virginia), 29 maart 1790 - Richmond (Virginia), 18 januari 1862) was een Amerikaans politicus en slavenhouder. Hij was de 10e president van de Verenigde Staten. Eerder was hij de 10e vicepresident van de Verenigde Staten onder president William Henry Harrison, maar na diens vroegtijdig overlijden werd Tyler na één maand al beëdigd als president. Daarvoor was hij gouverneur van Virginia, senator en lid van het Huis van Afgevaardigden. John Tyler, né le 29 mars 1790 dans le comté de Charles City (Virginie) et mort le 18 janvier 1862 à Richmond (même État), est un homme d'État, militaire et avocat américain, 10e président des États-Unis et 10e vice-président des États-Unis. Capitaine de la guerre anglo-américaine de 1812 élu à la Chambre des représentants des États-Unis pour la Virginie puis gouverneur de l'État, il est par la suite sénateur au niveau fédéral avant de devenir vice-président en 1841. Il est le premier à accéder au poste de président à la suite de la mort de son prédécesseur, William Henry Harrison. L'opposition de Tyler au fédéralisme et son soutien enthousiaste aux droits des États le rendent populaire auprès de ses concitoyens de Virginie, mais lui aliènent le soutien de la plupart de ses alliés politiques, qui l'avaient amené au pouvoir à Washington. Sa présidence fut ainsi paralysée par l'opposition des deux partis à sa politique. À la fin de sa vie, il rejoignit les États confédérés d'Amérique lors de la guerre de Sécession. Tyler était né dans une famille aristocratique de Virginie d'ascendance anglaise et il gravit les échelons du pouvoir dans une période de bouleversements politiques. Dans les années 1820, le seul parti politique du pays, le Parti républicain-démocrate, se divisa en plusieurs factions dont beaucoup ne partageaient pas les idéaux de Tyler. Bien qu'étant à l'origine un démocrate, son opposition aux présidents Andrew Jackson et Martin Van Buren le rapprocha du Parti whig et il fut élu vice-président sur le ticket whig en 1840. À la mort du président Harrison le 4 avril 1841, un mois seulement après son investiture, une brève crise constitutionnelle éclata sur le processus de succession. Tyler se rendit immédiatement à la Maison-Blanche, prêta le serment de président et assuma l'ensemble des pouvoirs présidentiels, un précédent qui définit la gestion des futures successions et finit par donner lieu au 25e amendement de la Constitution des États-Unis adopté en 1967. Une fois président, il s'opposa à son parti et mit son veto à plusieurs de ses propositions. En conséquence, une grande partie de son Cabinet démissionna et les whigs, qui le surnommaient « Son Accidence », en raison des circonstances de son accession au pouvoir, l'expulsèrent du parti. Cela contribua à bloquer sa politique intérieure, mais il connut plus de succès dans les affaires étrangères et fit adopter les traités de Webster-Ashburton avec le Royaume-Uni et de Wanghia avec la Chine. Tyler consacra ses deux dernières années de présidence à l'annexion du Texas. S'étant aliéné les démocrates et les whigs, il chercha à fonder un nouveau parti pour soutenir sa campagne présidentielle mais ses efforts furent vains. L'annexion du Texas fut approuvée par le Congrès dans les derniers jours de son mandat et elle fut menée par son successeur, le démocrate James K. Polk. Tyler se retira de la vie politique jusqu'au déclenchement de la guerre de Sécession en 1861. Il rejoignit le gouvernement confédéré et fut élu à la Chambre des représentants de la Confédération peu avant sa mort. Même si certains ont fait l'éloge de sa détermination politique, la présidence de Tyler est tenue en faible estime par les historiens qui le considèrent comme un président obscur sans grande importance dans la mémoire culturelle américaine. John Tyler (Greenway, 29 marzo 1790 – Richmond, 18 gennaio 1862) è stato un politico statunitense. È stato il 10º Presidente degli Stati Uniti d'America, ma concluse la sua vita politica nel Congresso provvisorio confederato. John Tyler (ur. 29 marca 1790 w hrabstwie Charles City, zm. 18 stycznia 1862 w Richmond) – amerykański prawnik i polityk, dziesiąty prezydent USA. John Tyler (Condado de Charles City, Virginia, 29 de marzo de 1790-Richmond, Virginia, 18 de enero de 1862) fue el décimo presidente de los Estados Unidos (1841-1845) después de ocupar brevemente el cargo de décimo vicepresidente de marzo a abril de 1841. Tyler se convirtió en el primer vicepresidente en suceder a la presidencia sin haberse presentado a una elección. Sirvió más tiempo que cualquier otro presidente en la historia de los Estados Unidos que no fue elegido para el cargo. Para evitar cualquier incertidumbre constitucional, Tyler inmediatamente prestó juramento, se trasladó a la Casa Blanca y asumió plenos poderes presidenciales, un precedente que regiría sucesiones futuras y fue codificado en la Vigesimoquinta Enmienda. Fue el segundo presidente en nacer después de ser firmada la Declaración de Independencia (4 de julio de 1776), y el primero en nacer después de la aprobación de la Constitución de 1787.
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