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- لوثر إيميت هولت (بالإنجليزية: Luther Emmett Holt) هو أستاذ جامعي أمريكي، ولد في 4 مارس 1855 في Webster في الولايات المتحدة، وتوفي في 14 يناير 1924 في بكين في الصين. (ar)
- Luther Emmett Holt (meist: L. Emmett Holt; * 4. März 1855 in Webster, New York; † 14. Januar 1924 in Peking, China) war ein amerikanischer Kinderarzt und Hochschullehrer. Holt war ein Pionier der Pädiatrie und erlangte Bekanntheit durch seine Bücher The Care and Feeding of Children (1894) und The Diseases of Infancy and Childhood (seit 1896). (de)
- Luther Emmett Holt (L. Emmett Holt, March 4, 1855 – January 14, 1924) was an American pediatrician and author, noted for writing The Care and Feeding of Children: A Catechism for the Use of Mothers and Children's Nurses in 1894. Born near Rochester, New York, Holt graduated from the University of Rochester in 1875. He went to medical school in the University at Buffalo and then the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, earning his M.D. in 1880. He pioneered the science of pediatrics, and became the head physician at New York's Babies Hospital in 1888. Under his leadership it became the leading pediatric hospital of its time. One of Holt's most notable accomplishments is the introduction of milk certification in New York City. Using a grant he acquired through his connection with the Rockefeller Institute Holt surveyed the quality of milk in the tenement districts and subsequently proved that a large proportion of infant fatalities were due to excessively high bacterial counts. He was instrumental in the creation of milk commissions and advisory boards for the city's Department of Health. In 1887, a hospital designated solely for children became a reality when five determined women purchased a brownstone house at the corner of Lexington Avenue and 55th Street, near the site of Bloomingdale's today. Holt became its first medical director of the Babies Hospital in 1889 - now Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital. At his first rounds examining the patients, he noted with interest, the practice of the nurses there in maintaining a clipboard at the bedside (cribside) upon which important clinical information was being kept. He began adding physician observations to it, and thus was born the "medical record" or "chart". The head of nursing at that time had a set of lecture notes, which she used in the education of parents. He adapted it into a book that became the standard child rearing text The Care and Feeding of Children: A Catechism for the Use of Mothers and Children's Nurses (1894). This remained the pre-eminent guide until Psychological Care of Infant and Child (Watson 1928) and then Baby and Child Care (Spock 1946). Holt promoted the idea of regimented and disciplined parenting. His book included a schedule of activities (such as toilet training) to be learned at specific ages, and meals to at regular hours to "prevent disease". He advised that: "Babies under six months should never be played with: and the less of it at anytime the better for the infant. They are made nervous and irritable, sleep badly and suffer from indigestion." In 1900, the Rockefeller family funded the construction of a new Babies' Hospital at the same site, a 10-story state-of-the-art building that still stands to this day. However, by the 1920s even this building was too small, so Babies' Hospital joined Presbyterian Hospital, the Neurological Institute and the College of Physicians & Surgeons of Columbia University, to build Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, located between West 165th and 168th Streets and Broadway. It continues today as the largest Hospital in the NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital system. Many important early figures in pediatrics did their internship under his supervision, such as Dorothy Reed (Mendenhall), MD, John Howland, MD (1st Chairman of pediatrics at Johns Hopkins and Director of the Harriet Lane Home for Invalid Children) and Edward Parks, MD (3d chair at Johns Hopkins). At the turn of the century, Dr. Holt was a major figure in pediatrics. He was a charter member of the American Pediatric Society and would be elected its president twice, an honor bestowed upon only one other doctor. In 1901 he was appointed to the board of the Rockefeller Institute, under whose auspices he would eventually travel to China. Following his development of a child welfare program adopted at the Red Cross Cannes Conference (1919), he was elected president of the Child Health Organization. As president of the American Association for the Study and Prevention of Infant Mortality (AASPIM), Holt promoted reproduction control by society as a means of eugenics. In his 1913 presidential address he said: We must eliminate the unfit by birth not by death. The race is to be most effectively improved by preventing marriage and reproduction by the unfit, among whom we would class the diseased, the degenerate, the defective, and the criminal. He wrote The Care and Feeding of Children to great acclaim, and the text quickly became a bestseller. He also wrote Diseases of Infancy and Childhood in 1896; the book would go through 11 editions and remain the definitive text on pediatrics until 1940. Editions published after Holt's death were revised and edited by his son, Luther Emmett Holt, Jr., and Rustin McIntosh. In 1967, Holt, Jr., renewed the copyright. In 1980, Appleton/Classics of Medicine Library published a facsimile of the 1897 first edition. Holt was a professor at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons from 1901 to 1922. In 1923, despite his old age, the Rockefeller Institute called on him to lecture at Peking Union Medical College for their winter term. Holt accepted, viewing the offer as both an opportunity to observe Chinese children for his own studies, and introduce pediatrics to the Chinese doctors. Days before his return home, Holt suffered a heart attack and died in Peking on January 14, 1924. (en)
- Luther Emmett Holt (Rochester, 4 marzo 1855 – Pechino, 14 gennaio 1924) è stato un medico statunitense.Luther Emmett Holt nacque il 4 marzo 1855 vicino Rochester, New York. Nel 1875 si laurea presso l'Università di Rochester e consegue la laurea in medicina nel 1880. Diventa un importante pediatra e sotto il suo controllo il Babies Hospital di New York divenne uno tra gli ospedali pediatrici più importanti. Diventò, nel 1889, direttore medico dell'ospedale e con lui è nato il concetto di "cartella clinica". Scrisse diversi libri tra cui: The care and Feeding of children: a catechism for the use of mothers and children nurses che rimase fino ai primi anni del '900 la guida di riferimento per la cura dei neonati e dei bambini. Fu un membro fondatore, ed eletto per ben due volte presidente dell'American Pediatric Society. Scrisse importanti libri ed il figlio si occupò di revisionare le edizioni dopo la sua morte. Essendo membro del Rockefeller Institute, gli fu chiesto, nel 1923, di tenere delle lezioni al Peking Union Medical College e nonostante l'età avanzata accettò. Mori a Pechino per un attacco di cuore il 14 gennaio 1924. (it)
- Luther Emmett Holt (ur. 4 marca 1855, zm. 14 stycznia 1924 w Pekinie) – amerykański lekarz pediatra, autor książki The Care and Feeding of Children (1894). W 1875 ukończył University of Rochester. Studiował medycynę na University at Buffalo i w , uzyskując tytuł M.D. w 1880. W 1888 został ordynatorem New York's Babies Hospital. Dzięki jego staraniom szpital szybko stał się wiodącym ośrodkiem pediatrii w Stanach Zjednoczonych. Holt wprowadził system oceny jakości mleka sprzedawanego w Nowym Jorku. Dzięki funduszom uzyskanym z Rockefeller Institute dowiódł, że znaczna śmiertelność niemowląt spowodowana jest zanieczyszczeniem mleka przez bakterie. Doprowadził do utworzenia specjalnych komisji mlecznych i rad doradczych przy nowojorskim Departamencie Zdrowia. Był członkiem założycielem i dwukrotnie był wybierany na przewodniczącego tej organizacji. W 1891 wszedł do zarządu Rockefeller Institute. Pełnił funkcję przewodniczącego Child Health Organization. Jego książka The Care and Feeding of Children spotkała się z dobrym przyjęciem i była bardzo popularna w swoim czasie. Jego Diseases of Infancy and Childhood z 1896 były wznawiane dwudziestokrotnie. Od 1901 do 1922 wykładał na Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. W 1923 z ramienia Rockefeller Institute wyjechał do Chin, dać odczyt w szkole medycznej w Pekinie. Na kilka dni przed powrotem do Stanów zmarł na zawał serca. (pl)
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- لوثر إيميت هولت (بالإنجليزية: Luther Emmett Holt) هو أستاذ جامعي أمريكي، ولد في 4 مارس 1855 في Webster في الولايات المتحدة، وتوفي في 14 يناير 1924 في بكين في الصين. (ar)
- Luther Emmett Holt (meist: L. Emmett Holt; * 4. März 1855 in Webster, New York; † 14. Januar 1924 in Peking, China) war ein amerikanischer Kinderarzt und Hochschullehrer. Holt war ein Pionier der Pädiatrie und erlangte Bekanntheit durch seine Bücher The Care and Feeding of Children (1894) und The Diseases of Infancy and Childhood (seit 1896). (de)
- Luther Emmett Holt (L. Emmett Holt, March 4, 1855 – January 14, 1924) was an American pediatrician and author, noted for writing The Care and Feeding of Children: A Catechism for the Use of Mothers and Children's Nurses in 1894. As president of the American Association for the Study and Prevention of Infant Mortality (AASPIM), Holt promoted reproduction control by society as a means of eugenics. In his 1913 presidential address he said: (en)
- Luther Emmett Holt (Rochester, 4 marzo 1855 – Pechino, 14 gennaio 1924) è stato un medico statunitense.Luther Emmett Holt nacque il 4 marzo 1855 vicino Rochester, New York. Nel 1875 si laurea presso l'Università di Rochester e consegue la laurea in medicina nel 1880. Diventa un importante pediatra e sotto il suo controllo il Babies Hospital di New York divenne uno tra gli ospedali pediatrici più importanti. Diventò, nel 1889, direttore medico dell'ospedale e con lui è nato il concetto di "cartella clinica". Scrisse diversi libri tra cui: The care and Feeding of children: a catechism for the use of mothers and children nurses che rimase fino ai primi anni del '900 la guida di riferimento per la cura dei neonati e dei bambini. Fu un membro fondatore, ed eletto per ben due volte presidente de (it)
- Luther Emmett Holt (ur. 4 marca 1855, zm. 14 stycznia 1924 w Pekinie) – amerykański lekarz pediatra, autor książki The Care and Feeding of Children (1894). W 1875 ukończył University of Rochester. Studiował medycynę na University at Buffalo i w , uzyskując tytuł M.D. w 1880. W 1888 został ordynatorem New York's Babies Hospital. Dzięki jego staraniom szpital szybko stał się wiodącym ośrodkiem pediatrii w Stanach Zjednoczonych. (pl)
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