The Protest Psychosis: How Schizophrenia Became a Black Disease is a 2010 book by the psychiatrist Jonathan Metzl (who also has a Ph.D. in American studies), and published by Beacon Press, covering the history of the 1960s Ionia State Hospital—located in Ionia, Michigan, and converted into the Ionia Correctional Facility in 1986. The book describes the facility one of America's largest and most notorious state psychiatric hospitals in the era before deinstitutionalization.