Sooners is the name given to settlers who entered the Unassigned Lands in what is now the state of Oklahoma before the official start of the Land Rush of 1889. The Unassigned Lands were a part of Indian Territory that, after a lobbying campaign, were to be opened to American settlement in 1889. President Benjamin Harrison officially proclaimed the Unassigned Lands open to settlement on April 22, 1889. As people lined up around the borders of the Oklahoma District, they waited for the official opening. It was not until noon that it officially was opened to settlement. The name derived from the "sooner clause" of Proclamation 288 — Opening to Settlement Certain Lands in the Indian Territory, which stated that anyone who entered and occupied the land prior to the opening time would be denied
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| - Los sooners (pronunciación en inglés: /ˈsunɚ/; 'tempraneros', 'pioneros') es el nombre que se le da a los colonos que ilícitamente ingresaron a las del actual estado de Oklahoma antes del inicio oficial del . El presidente Benjamin Harrison proclamó las Tierras No-Asignadas abiertas al asentamiento el 22 de abril de 1889. Mientras, los colonos se agrupaban alrededor de las fronteras del Distrito de Oklahoma esperando la apertura oficial. No fue hasta el mediodía de ese día que se abrió oficialmente al asentamiento. El nombre se deriva de la sooner clause ('cláusula más temprana') de la Proclamación 288 - Apertura al asentamiento de ciertas tierras en el territorio indio, que establece que cualquier persona que hubiese ingresado y ocupado las tierras antes de la hora de apertura se le nega (es)
- Les Sooners sont les colons ayant reçu des terres dans la région de l'actuel Oklahoma de la part du gouvernement américain avant 1889. Avec l'installation de colons blancs dans la région de l'actuel Oklahoma, le gouvernement fédéral établit le Dawes Act en 1887, approfondi par le Curtis Act en 1898. Cette loi distribuait les terres tribales aux familles amérindiennes et encourageait leur mise en valeur agricole. La moitié des terres amérindiennes furent en réalité ouvertes à la colonisation ou achetées par les compagnies de chemin de fer. La course à la terre (« Land Run » en anglais), en particulier en 1889, commençait selon le principe du « premier arrivé, premier servi ». Ceux qui ne respectaient pas les règles en entrant dans le Territoire avant le départ officiel étaient appelés les s (fr)
- Sooners is the name given to settlers who entered the Unassigned Lands in what is now the state of Oklahoma before the official start of the Land Rush of 1889. The Unassigned Lands were a part of Indian Territory that, after a lobbying campaign, were to be opened to American settlement in 1889. President Benjamin Harrison officially proclaimed the Unassigned Lands open to settlement on April 22, 1889. As people lined up around the borders of the Oklahoma District, they waited for the official opening. It was not until noon that it officially was opened to settlement. The name derived from the "sooner clause" of Proclamation 288 — Opening to Settlement Certain Lands in the Indian Territory, which stated that anyone who entered and occupied the land prior to the opening time would be denied (en)
- Con il nome Sooners sono designati quei coloni statunitensi che si sono insediati nelle Unassigned Lands (territori ceduti agli Stati Uniti da alcuni raggruppamenti di nativi americani dopo la guerra di secessione), nell'attuale stato dell'Oklahoma, prima che il presidente Benjamin Harrison desse il via ufficialmente, il 22 aprile 1889, alla "corsa" all'appropriazione dei terreni, la cosiddetta prima Land Rush (cui ne seguirono altre). Il nome deriva dalla "clausola sooner" della Proclamation 288 - Opening to Settlement Certain Lands in the Indian Territory firmata da Harrison: a coloro che avessero preso possesso dei terreni prima dell'entrata in vigore effettiva (a mezzogiorno del 22 aprile) della Land Rush non sarebbe stato riconosciuto alcun diritto alla proprietà. (it)
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| - Les Sooners sont les colons ayant reçu des terres dans la région de l'actuel Oklahoma de la part du gouvernement américain avant 1889. Avec l'installation de colons blancs dans la région de l'actuel Oklahoma, le gouvernement fédéral établit le Dawes Act en 1887, approfondi par le Curtis Act en 1898. Cette loi distribuait les terres tribales aux familles amérindiennes et encourageait leur mise en valeur agricole. La moitié des terres amérindiennes furent en réalité ouvertes à la colonisation ou achetées par les compagnies de chemin de fer. La course à la terre (« Land Run » en anglais), en particulier en 1889, commençait selon le principe du « premier arrivé, premier servi ». Ceux qui ne respectaient pas les règles en entrant dans le Territoire avant le départ officiel étaient appelés les sooners, terme qui devint le surnom de l'Oklahoma. Entre 1889 et 1895, six courses à la terre furent organisées. (fr)
- Los sooners (pronunciación en inglés: /ˈsunɚ/; 'tempraneros', 'pioneros') es el nombre que se le da a los colonos que ilícitamente ingresaron a las del actual estado de Oklahoma antes del inicio oficial del . El presidente Benjamin Harrison proclamó las Tierras No-Asignadas abiertas al asentamiento el 22 de abril de 1889. Mientras, los colonos se agrupaban alrededor de las fronteras del Distrito de Oklahoma esperando la apertura oficial. No fue hasta el mediodía de ese día que se abrió oficialmente al asentamiento. El nombre se deriva de la sooner clause ('cláusula más temprana') de la Proclamación 288 - Apertura al asentamiento de ciertas tierras en el territorio indio, que establece que cualquier persona que hubiese ingresado y ocupado las tierras antes de la hora de apertura se le negaría el derecho a reclamar tierras. Según la Enciclopedia de Historia y Cultura de Oklahoma, la designación sooner tenía inicialmente una connotación negativa. Sin embargo, perdió esta característica peyorativa cuando Oklahoma se formó como estado y la mayoría de sus habitantes ya no la consideran negativa. En 1908, el equipo de fútbol de la Universidad de Oklahoma adoptó el sobrenombre de Sooners. El estado estadounidense de Oklahoma ha sido conocido popularmente como Sooner State ('Estado tempranero') desde los años 1920. (es)
- Sooners is the name given to settlers who entered the Unassigned Lands in what is now the state of Oklahoma before the official start of the Land Rush of 1889. The Unassigned Lands were a part of Indian Territory that, after a lobbying campaign, were to be opened to American settlement in 1889. President Benjamin Harrison officially proclaimed the Unassigned Lands open to settlement on April 22, 1889. As people lined up around the borders of the Oklahoma District, they waited for the official opening. It was not until noon that it officially was opened to settlement. The name derived from the "sooner clause" of Proclamation 288 — Opening to Settlement Certain Lands in the Indian Territory, which stated that anyone who entered and occupied the land prior to the opening time would be denied the right to claim land. The designation "Sooner" initially had a very negative connotation. While "Boomers" were merely expressing "pioneer spirit" in their desire to take and settle formerly Indian territory, Sooners were essentially stealing from other white settlers by cheating on the claim requirements to get better land. However, these negative connotations rapidly cooled as time passed after 1889 and land claims were settled. By the time of statehood, Sooner had become an affectionate term for Oklahomans as a whole with a whiff of rebellion. In 1908, the University of Oklahoma football team adopted the nickname "Sooners". The U.S. state of Oklahoma has been popularly nicknamed the "Sooner State" since the 1920s. (en)
- Con il nome Sooners sono designati quei coloni statunitensi che si sono insediati nelle Unassigned Lands (territori ceduti agli Stati Uniti da alcuni raggruppamenti di nativi americani dopo la guerra di secessione), nell'attuale stato dell'Oklahoma, prima che il presidente Benjamin Harrison desse il via ufficialmente, il 22 aprile 1889, alla "corsa" all'appropriazione dei terreni, la cosiddetta prima Land Rush (cui ne seguirono altre). Il nome deriva dalla "clausola sooner" della Proclamation 288 - Opening to Settlement Certain Lands in the Indian Territory firmata da Harrison: a coloro che avessero preso possesso dei terreni prima dell'entrata in vigore effettiva (a mezzogiorno del 22 aprile) della Land Rush non sarebbe stato riconosciuto alcun diritto alla proprietà. Secondo la Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture l'espressione "Sooner" ebbe inizialmente connotati negativi, che cominciarono tuttavia a venir meno con la formazione dello stato, al punto che, a partire dagli anni '20, lo stato dell'Oklahoma è stato soprannominato "stato Sooner". Le "Unassigned lands" nel 1885 (it)
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