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The Ramaytush or Rammay-tuš people are a linguistic subdivision of the Ohlone people of Northern California. The term Ramaytush was first applied to them in the 1970s, but the modern Ohlone people of the peninsula have claimed it as their ethnonym. The ancestors of the Ramaytush Ohlone people have lived on the peninsula—specifically in the area known as San Francisco and San Mateo county—for hundreds of years. Prior to the California Genocide, the Ohlone people were not consciously united as a singular socio-political entity. In the early twentieth century anthropologists and linguists began to refer to the Ramaytush Ohlone as San Francisco Costanoans—the people who spoke a common dialect or language within the Costanoan branch of the Utian family. Anthropologists and linguists similarly c

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  • Ramaytushes (ca)
  • Ramaytush (en)
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  • Els ramaytushes eren una de les subdivisions lingüístiques dels Ohlone, amerindis del nord de Califòrnia. Històricament els ramaytushes van habitar la entre la badia de San Francisco i l'Oceà Pacífic a l'àrea que ara són els San Francisco i . (ca)
  • The Ramaytush or Rammay-tuš people are a linguistic subdivision of the Ohlone people of Northern California. The term Ramaytush was first applied to them in the 1970s, but the modern Ohlone people of the peninsula have claimed it as their ethnonym. The ancestors of the Ramaytush Ohlone people have lived on the peninsula—specifically in the area known as San Francisco and San Mateo county—for hundreds of years. Prior to the California Genocide, the Ohlone people were not consciously united as a singular socio-political entity. In the early twentieth century anthropologists and linguists began to refer to the Ramaytush Ohlone as San Francisco Costanoans—the people who spoke a common dialect or language within the Costanoan branch of the Utian family. Anthropologists and linguists similarly c (en)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ohlone_war_dance_closeup.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ramaytush_map.svg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Yelamu_map.svg
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  • Els ramaytushes eren una de les subdivisions lingüístiques dels Ohlone, amerindis del nord de Califòrnia. Històricament els ramaytushes van habitar la entre la badia de San Francisco i l'Oceà Pacífic a l'àrea que ara són els San Francisco i . Els ramaytushes no eren un grup amb consciència sociopolítica pròpia. Encara que estan ben definits pels lingüistes i antropòlegs moderns des de principis del segle XX com els costano de San Francisco, el poble que parlava un dialecte o llengua de la branca costano de les llengües utianes. El terme ramaytush se'ls va aplicar per primer cop durant la dècada de 1970. Històricament el territori lingüístic ramaytush és limitat en gran manera per l'oceà i el mar, excepte al sud on limiten amb la gent de la Vall de Santa Clara que parlava tamyen i el poble de les muntanyes de Santa Cruz i la costa del Pacífic a que parlava dialectes awaswas. Cap a l'est, a través de la badia de San Francisco, hi havia tribus de parla chochenyo. Cap al nord, a través del Pont Golden Gate, hi havia la tribu local Huimen del miwoks de la costa. La tribu local ramaytush més septentrional, la Yelamu de San Francisco, es va barrejar amb els chochenyos Huchiun de l'àrea d'Oakland en el moment de la colonització espanyola. Les malalties europees van delmar les principals tribus que s'establiren a la després de la creació en 1776. El poble ohlone fou forçat a usar l'espanyol i van perdre llur llengua. Centenars d'ohlone a la Missió Dolores foren enviats al nord de la badia a construir la , que després va ser utilitzada com a hospital per als neòfits malalts. Alfred L. Kroeber va afirmar que el poble de la badia oest s'havia extingit abans de 1915. La Tribu Muwekma Ohlone, descendents d'antics parlants chochenyo i tamyen, han estat defensors vocals per qüestions ameríndies de San Francisco, igual que alguns descendents d'ohlone a l'Àrea de la Badia de Monterey cap al sud. (ca)
  • The Ramaytush or Rammay-tuš people are a linguistic subdivision of the Ohlone people of Northern California. The term Ramaytush was first applied to them in the 1970s, but the modern Ohlone people of the peninsula have claimed it as their ethnonym. The ancestors of the Ramaytush Ohlone people have lived on the peninsula—specifically in the area known as San Francisco and San Mateo county—for hundreds of years. Prior to the California Genocide, the Ohlone people were not consciously united as a singular socio-political entity. In the early twentieth century anthropologists and linguists began to refer to the Ramaytush Ohlone as San Francisco Costanoans—the people who spoke a common dialect or language within the Costanoan branch of the Utian family. Anthropologists and linguists similarly called the Tamyen people Santa Clara Costanoans, and the Awaswas people Santa Cruz Costanoans. The homeland of the Ramaytush is largely surrounded by ocean and sea, the exception being the valley and the mountains to the southeast, home to the Tamyen Ohlone and Awaswas Ohlone, among others. To the east, across San Francisco Bay, what is now known as Alameda County is home to the Chochenyo Ohlone. To the north, across the Golden Gate, was a Huimen Miwok village. The northernmost Ramaytush local tribe—the Yelamu tribe of what is now San Francisco—was closely connected with the Huchiun Chochenyos of what is now Oakland, and members of the two tribes frequently intermarried at the time of Spanish colonization. European disease took a heavy toll of life on all Indigenous people who came to Mission Dolores after its creation in 1776. The Ohlone people were forced to use Spanish resulting in the loss of their language. The Spanish rounded up hundreds of Ohlone people at Mission Dolores and took them to the north bay to construct Mission San Rafael, which was then used as a hospital for sick neophytes. Alfred L. Kroeber claimed that the west bay people were extinct by 1915, and although none of their villages survived, four branches of one lineage are known to have survived the genocide. The Muwekma Ohlone Tribe—the descendants of the closely related Chochenyo and Tamyen Ohlone people who were federally recognized as the Verona Band of Alameda County in the early twentieth century—and other Ohlone peoples—have been vocal advocates for Native American issues on the San Francisco Peninsula. (en)
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