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Classical pluralism is the view that politics and decision-making are located mostly in the framework of government, but that many non-governmental groups use their resources to exert influence. The central question for classical pluralism is how power and influence are distributed in a political process. Groups of individuals try to maximize their interests. Lines of conflict are multiple and shifting as power is a continuous bargaining process between competing groups. There may be inequalities but they tend to be distributed and evened out by the various forms and distributions of resources throughout a population. Any change under this view will be slow and incremental, as groups have different interests and may act as "veto groups" to destroy legislation. The existence of diverse and

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  • تعددية (نظرية سياسية) (ar)
  • 多元的国家論 (ja)
  • Pluralism (political theory) (en)
  • 多元主義 (zh)
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  • 多元的国家論(たげんてきこっかろん)は国家も社会集団の一つにすぎないという政治学上の考え方。 (ja)
  • تعني التعددية بمفهومها التقليدي أن الجهة المسؤولة عن وضع السياسات وصناعة القرارات هي الحكومة في الأساس، لكن الكثير من المجموعات غير الحكومية تستغل مواردها في الوقت نفسه من أجل التأثير على هذه السياسات والقرارات. والمسألة الأساسيَّة في التعددية التقليدية هي كيفية توزيع كلٍ من السلطة والتأثير في العملية السياسية. فتحاول المجموعات تحقيق أقصى قدر ممكن من مصالحها. وتتعدد خطوط الصراع وتتبدل نظرًا لأن السلطة هي عملية مساومة مستمرة بين الجهات المتنافسة. وقد تكون هناك بعض صور عدم المساواة، لكنها تُوزَع عادةً بالتساوي على الجميع عن طريق أنواع الموارد وصور توزيعها المختلفة. وأي تغيير في هذا الوضع يكون بطيئًا وتدريجيًا؛ إذ إن المجموعات تختلف في مصالحها، وقد تتصرف «كجماعات تملك حق الاعتراض» من أجل القضاء على التشريع الذي لا توافق عليه. (ar)
  • Classical pluralism is the view that politics and decision-making are located mostly in the framework of government, but that many non-governmental groups use their resources to exert influence. The central question for classical pluralism is how power and influence are distributed in a political process. Groups of individuals try to maximize their interests. Lines of conflict are multiple and shifting as power is a continuous bargaining process between competing groups. There may be inequalities but they tend to be distributed and evened out by the various forms and distributions of resources throughout a population. Any change under this view will be slow and incremental, as groups have different interests and may act as "veto groups" to destroy legislation. The existence of diverse and (en)
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