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The philosopher king is a hypothetical ruler in whom political skill is combined with philosophical knowledge. The concept of a city-state ruled by philosophers is first explored in Plato's Republic, written around 375 BC. Plato argued that the ideal state – one which ensured the maximum possible happiness for all its citizens – could only be brought into being by a ruler possessed of absolute knowledge, obtained through philosophical study. From the Middle Ages onwards, Islamic and Jewish authors expanded on the theory, adapting it to suit their own conceptions of the perfect ruler.

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  • Rey filósofo (es)
  • Filsuf raja (in)
  • Philosophe roi (fr)
  • 철인왕 (ko)
  • 哲人王 (プラトン) (ja)
  • Philosopher king (en)
  • Filosoof-koning (nl)
  • Rei‐filósofo (pt)
  • 哲学王 (zh)
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  • Le philosophe roi est un concept de la philosophie politique de Platon. La politique étant un art, celui qui dirige doit détenir la science de la politique, à savoir connaître le Bien et le Juste. Platon conclut que celui qui dirige la doit être un philosophe, seul à même de gouverner bien. (fr)
  • 철인왕(哲人王, philosopher king)은 플라톤의 유토피아인 칼리폴리스의 지배자이다. 《국가론》에 따른 플라톤의 이상국가는 “철학자가 왕이 되어야만 하는 … 또는 현재 왕이라고 불리는 자들이 성실하고 충분히 철학자화되어야 하는” 도시국가였다. (ko)
  • 哲人王(てつじんおう、英: philosopher king)は、プラトンが中期対話篇『国家』において述べた理想国家の君主である。『第七書簡』などでも言及されている。 (ja)
  • Um rei‐filósofo é, segundo Platão, um governante inteligente e confiável que ama o conhecimento e aceita viver uma vida simples. Assim são os governantes de Calípolis, sua cidade utópica. A existência de tal comunidade seria impossível «enquanto não forem, ou os filósofos reis nas cidades, ou os que agora se chamam rei e soberanos filósofos genuínos e capazes». (pt)
  • 哲学王、哲人王、哲學家皇帝、「哲學之王」,是古希腊哲学家柏拉图在《理想国》中提出的一种统治者,他既爱智慧,又有智慧、可靠,并愿意过一种简朴的生活。他先把國家分成四個階層:商人和勞動者、軍人和國家統治者。在此,國家統治者即是哲學王。然而,哲學王也不是隨便就可誕生,需要經過重重的培訓。 (zh)
  • Los reyes filósofos son los hipotéticos gobernantes de la utópica Calípolis de Platón. Si su ciudad estado ideal debía existir alguna vez, los "filósofos [debían] convertirse en reyes… o esos a los que hoy se llama reyes [deben]… filosofar genuina y adecuadamente" (La República, 473d). Después de esta amplia educación, los reyes finalmente comprenderían la Idea del Bien. (es)
  • The philosopher king is a hypothetical ruler in whom political skill is combined with philosophical knowledge. The concept of a city-state ruled by philosophers is first explored in Plato's Republic, written around 375 BC. Plato argued that the ideal state – one which ensured the maximum possible happiness for all its citizens – could only be brought into being by a ruler possessed of absolute knowledge, obtained through philosophical study. From the Middle Ages onwards, Islamic and Jewish authors expanded on the theory, adapting it to suit their own conceptions of the perfect ruler. (en)
  • Filsuf raja adalah konsep yang diajukan pemikir Yunani Plato yaitu seorang penguasa yang merupakan ahli filsafat. Ia mengajukan konsep ini di buku Republik-nya, dan menurut Plato, pemerintahan yang ideal seharusnya dipegang seorang filsuf raja. Dengan ilmu filsafatnya, filsuf raja ini diharapkan memiliki moral yang baik dan tidak mudah terkena godaan, serta dengan pengetahuannya dapat membantu dan memperbaiki kehidupan masyarakat yang ia perintah. Setelah dibawakan Plato, konsep ini mempengaruhi cara pemerintahan Kekaisaran Romawi dan beberapa monarki Eropa yang dikenal dengan istilah absolutisme tercerahkan. Ide ini juga dikembangkan oleh Al-Farabi yang menulis bahwa filsuf raja ini juga haruslah orang yang saleh dan taat beragama. Konsep ini juga mempengaruhi Ayatollah Khomeini dan konse (in)
  • Een filosoof-koning is volgens Plato (ca. 427–347 v.Chr.) de heerser die de ideale staat mogelijk moet maken. Dit idee is van invloed geweest op de politiek van onder andere het Romeinse Rijk en het absolutisme. Hierover liet Plato in Staat (ca. 380 v.Chr.) Socrates (470-399 v.Chr.) zeggen: Ondanks deze mislukking schreef Plato in zijn Zevende brief (ca. 353 v.Chr.): (nl)
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