Marina Konstantinovna Voroshilova (Russian: Мар′ина Констант′иновна Ворош′илова) (March 16, 1922 – November 19, 1986) was a Soviet virologist and corresponding member of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR (1969). She is best known for her work on the introduction of vaccines against poliomyelitis, the discovery of non-specific effects of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV), and developing the concept of beneficial human viruses.