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The Jerez uprising was a 1892 peasant rebellion in Jerez, Spain. While the event itself was unexceptional amid the regional history of rebellions, the disproportionate repression following the uprising resulted in a series of protests and retaliatory bombings throughout the remainder of the decade. The uprising consisted of 500 to 600 fieldworkers who marched into Jerez with their farm equipment and demands of prisoner release and economic relief. They were shut down within hours, leaving three dead. The Spanish Civil Guard detained 315 fieldworkers, anarchists, and labor organizers from the countryside. They focused on quelling anarchism in the region, though the role of anarchism in the uprising itself has been the subject of inconclusive historiographical debate.

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  • Sucesos de Jerez (es)
  • Jerez uprising (en)
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  • The Jerez uprising was a 1892 peasant rebellion in Jerez, Spain. While the event itself was unexceptional amid the regional history of rebellions, the disproportionate repression following the uprising resulted in a series of protests and retaliatory bombings throughout the remainder of the decade. The uprising consisted of 500 to 600 fieldworkers who marched into Jerez with their farm equipment and demands of prisoner release and economic relief. They were shut down within hours, leaving three dead. The Spanish Civil Guard detained 315 fieldworkers, anarchists, and labor organizers from the countryside. They focused on quelling anarchism in the region, though the role of anarchism in the uprising itself has been the subject of inconclusive historiographical debate. (en)
  • Los sucesos de Jerez tuvieron lugar en Jerez de la Frontera (provincia de Cádiz, España) en la noche del 8 al 9 de enero de 1892​ cuando cientos de campesinos irrumpieron en la ciudad dando vivas a la anarquía y mueras a la burguesía, controlándola durante más de dos horas hasta que los sublevados huyeron cuando las tropas de la guarnición les hicieron frente. Dos personas fueron asesinadas por los rebeldes, y entre estos hubo un muerto. Los presuntos cabecillas de la revuelta fueron juzgados en un consejo de guerra que condenó a muerte a cuatro de ellos, siendo ejecutados el 10 de febrero. Para los anarquistas se convirtieron en los «mártires de Jerez» que fueron «vengados» mediante una oleada terrorista que tuvo su escenario principal en la ciudad de Barcelona. El día anterior de la ejec (es)
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  • Los sucesos de Jerez tuvieron lugar en Jerez de la Frontera (provincia de Cádiz, España) en la noche del 8 al 9 de enero de 1892​ cuando cientos de campesinos irrumpieron en la ciudad dando vivas a la anarquía y mueras a la burguesía, controlándola durante más de dos horas hasta que los sublevados huyeron cuando las tropas de la guarnición les hicieron frente. Dos personas fueron asesinadas por los rebeldes, y entre estos hubo un muerto. Los presuntos cabecillas de la revuelta fueron juzgados en un consejo de guerra que condenó a muerte a cuatro de ellos, siendo ejecutados el 10 de febrero. Para los anarquistas se convirtieron en los «mártires de Jerez» que fueron «vengados» mediante una oleada terrorista que tuvo su escenario principal en la ciudad de Barcelona. El día anterior de la ejecución se producía el atentado de la Plaza Real y un año y medio después el atentado contra el general Martínez Campos, justificados ambos como represalias por sus muertes. Como han destacado Pedro Oliver Olmo y Luis Gargallo Vaamonde, los sucesos de Jerez «desencadenaron una agresiva respuesta del Estado, con detenciones masivas que acarrearon denuncias de tortura, cuatro campesinos ejecutados al mes de los hechos y un proceso más largo que concluiría con duras penas de prisión y una docena de cadenas perpetuas, además de la adopción de medidas legislativas extraordinarias para que la Guardia Civil pudiera abortar con contundencia el inicio o el desarrollo de las movilizaciones obreras». Por otro lado, como también han señalado estos historiadores, «los sucesos de Jerez generaron una campaña de solidaridad en el extranjero que por aquel entonces hubo de recibirse en España con un cierto aire de perplejidad».​ (es)
  • The Jerez uprising was a 1892 peasant rebellion in Jerez, Spain. While the event itself was unexceptional amid the regional history of rebellions, the disproportionate repression following the uprising resulted in a series of protests and retaliatory bombings throughout the remainder of the decade. The uprising consisted of 500 to 600 fieldworkers who marched into Jerez with their farm equipment and demands of prisoner release and economic relief. They were shut down within hours, leaving three dead. The Spanish Civil Guard detained 315 fieldworkers, anarchists, and labor organizers from the countryside. They focused on quelling anarchism in the region, though the role of anarchism in the uprising itself has been the subject of inconclusive historiographical debate. After several military tribunals with 54 defendants, four were executed for sedition and murder, 14 received life sentences, and seven received sentences less than 20 years. Independent and liberal newspapers condemned the severity of the response as both disproportionate and insufficient for addressing the desperation that caused the uprising. The anarchist press, which had been targeted in the repression, took an even harder line and portended acts of retribution. Following the executions, there were protests throughout Spain and at Spanish consulates across Europe. Attacks continued throughout the year including bombings attempted and actualized. Anarchist Paulí Pallàs was executed following his 1893 attempted assassination of a military general involved in the repression and executions, leading to a series of retributive bombings throughout the 1890s. (en)
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