About: HL-20 Personnel Launch System

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The HL-20 Personnel Launch System is a NASA spaceplane concept for crewed orbital missions studied by NASA's Langley Research Center around 1990. It was envisaged as a lifting body re-entry vehicle similar to the Soviet BOR-4 spaceplane design. Its stated goals were to achieve low operational costs, improved flight safety, and a possibility of landing on conventional runways. No flight hardware was built.

Attributes	Values
rdf:type	yago:WikicatNASAPrograms yago:Abstraction100002137 yago:Class107997703 yago:Cognition100023271 yago:Collection107951464 yago:Content105809192 yago:Group100031264 yago:Idea105833840 yago:Plan105898568 yago:PsychologicalFeature100023100
rdfs:label	NASA HL-20 (de) HL-20 Personnel Launch System (en) HL-20 Personnel Launch System (in) HL-20 Personnel Launch System (fr) HL-20 Personnel Launch System (it) HL-20 (ja) HL-20 Personnel Launch System (pt)
rdfs:comment	HL-20 (HL für Horizontal Lander und der laufenden Nummerierung 20) war ein Projekt der US-Raumfahrtbehörde NASA zur Entwicklung eines bemannten wiederverwendbaren Raumgleiters am Langley Research Center und innerhalb der NASA-Studien zum Personnel Launch System (PLS) in den 1980er und zu Beginn der 1990er Jahre. HL-20 sollte für den Wiedereintritt und Atmosphärenflug das Prinzip des Lifting Bodies nutzen. Neben umfangreichen aerodynamischen Untersuchungen wurden auch Modelle im Originalmaßstab angefertigt, um u. a. die Innenraumgestaltung zu optimieren, und Flugsimulatorversuche durchgeführt. Flugfähige Prototypen wurden nicht gebaut, jedoch wird seit 2005 mit dem Dream Chaser ein Raumschiff auf direkter Basis der Forschungsarbeiten und in der Form der HL-20 entwickelt. (de) The HL-20 Personnel Launch System is a NASA spaceplane concept for crewed orbital missions studied by NASA's Langley Research Center around 1990. It was envisaged as a lifting body re-entry vehicle similar to the Soviet BOR-4 spaceplane design. Its stated goals were to achieve low operational costs, improved flight safety, and a possibility of landing on conventional runways. No flight hardware was built. (en) HL-20 Personnel Launch System adalah konsep spaceplane NASA sekitar 1990 untuk misi orbital berawak dipelajari oleh NASA Langley Research Center di Hampton, Virginia. Hal itu digambarkan sebagai kendaraan lifting body re-entry mirip dengan desain spaceplane BOR-4 Soviet. Tujuan lain nya adalah untuk mencapai biaya operasional rendah, peningkatan keselamatan penerbangan, dan kemungkinan mendarat di landasan pacu konvensional. Tidak ada hardware pesawat dibangun. (in) HL-20 パーソネル・ローンチ・システム（英語: HL-20 Personnel Launch System）はかつて検討された再使用型宇宙往還機。 (ja) L’HL-20 Personnel Launch System è stato un concetto di spazioplano della NASA del 1990 circa per le missioni orbitali con equipaggio studiato dal Langley Research Center della NASA a Hampton in Virginia. Aveva un corpo portante ed era simile allo spazioplano sovietico . I suoi obiettivi dichiarati erano di ottenere bassi costi operativi, migliorare la sicurezza del volo, e la possibilità di atterraggio su piste tradizionali. Nessun hardware di volo è stato costruito. (it) O HL-20 Personnel Launch System foi um conceito de avião espacial da NASA de 1990 para missões orbitais tripuladas, pesquisado pelo Langley Research Center da NASA, em Hampton, Virgínia. Previa-se como um veículo de lançamento e reentrada semelhante ao avião espacial projetado pela União Soviética BOR-4. Seus objetivos declarados eram para alcançar sistemas operacionais de baixos custos, melhoria da segurança de voo, e uma possibilidade de pousar em pistas convencionais. Nenhum hardware de voo foi construído. (pt) Le HL-20 (pour « Horizontal Landing 20 »), également désigné sous l'appellation PSLV (Personnel Launch System) ou ACRV (Assured Crew Return Vehicle), était un projet de navette spatiale de type corps portant étudié au début des années 1990 pour assurer la relève des équipages de la station spatiale américaine, qui était alors elle-même en cours de gestation sous l'appellation Station spatiale Freedom. Cette navette réutilisable de petite taille (environ 11 tonnes pour 9 mètres de long) devait être mise en orbite par un lanceur classique et effectuer une rentrée atmosphérique en planant avant de se poser sur une piste d'atterrissage. Elle était conçue pour assurer la relève d'un équipage pouvant atteindre dix personnes, à des coûts beaucoup plus faibles que ceux de la navette spatiale améri (fr)
name	HL-20 Personnel Launch System (en)
foaf:depiction
dcterms:subject	Rocket-powered aircraft NASA programs Crewed spacecraft Lifting bodies
Wikipage page ID	7588079 (xsd:integer)
Wikipage revision ID	1101490746 (xsd:integer)
Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage	Saturn IB National Launch System Rocket-powered aircraft Johnson Space Center Lifting body NASA programs Commercial Crew Development Spaceplane NASA Boilerplate (spaceflight) Sierra Nevada Corporation Skunk Works Commercial Orbital Transportation Services G-forces Wingspan Heat shield Langley Research Center Crewed spacecraft Dream Chaser North Carolina State University Parachute Prometheus (spacecraft) HL-42 (spacecraft) Atmospheric entry BOR-4 Atlas V Lifting bodies Kennedy Space Center Martin X-23 PRIME Space Shuttle Space Station Freedom HL-10 Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-105 Orbital Sciences Corporation Kliper Rockwell International SpaceDev Low Earth orbit Man-hour NASA X-38 North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University Dream Chaser (spacecraft) Martin-Marietta X-24 Astronautix Lifting-body M2-F2 M2-F3 Titan III
Link from a Wikipage to an external page	http://oea.larc.nasa.gov/PAIS/HL-20.html%7Cpublisher=NASA%7Ctitle=HL-20%7Curl-status=dead%7Carchive-url=https:/web.archive.org/web/20061018200338/http:/oea.larc.nasa.gov/PAIS/HL-20.html%7Carchive-date=2006-10-18 https://web.archive.org/web/20061018173112/http:/www.astronautix.com/craft/hl20.htm%7Carchive-date=2006-10-18 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19910006695_1991006695.pdf%7Ctitle=Design https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19910010752_1991010752.pdf%7Ctitle=Design https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19940030181_1994030181.pdf%7Ctitle=Launch-Pad https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19990117251.pdf%7Cpublisher=NASA%7Cfirst=William http://www.astronautix.com/craft/hl20.htm%7Cpublisher= http://www.ninfinger.org/models/vault2008/HL-20/HL-20%20MODEL.pdf%7Ctitle=Improving
sameAs	HL-20 Personnel Launch System HL-20 Personnel Launch System

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