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The first homosexual movement thrived in Germany from the late nineteenth century until 1933. The movement began in Germany because of a confluence of factors, including the criminalization of sex between men (Paragraph 175) and the country's relatively lax censorship. German writers in the mid-nineteenth century coined the word homosexual and criticized its criminalization. In 1897, Magnus Hirschfeld founded the world's first homosexual organization, the Scientific-Humanitarian Committee, whose aim was to use science to improve public tolerance of homosexuality and repeal Paragraph 175. During the German Empire, the movement was restricted to an educated elite, but it greatly expanded in the aftermath of World War I and the German Revolution.

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  • First homosexual movement (en)
  • Primer moviment homosexual (ca)
  • Primer movimiento homosexual (es)
  • Primo movimento omosessuale (it)
  • Premier mouvement homosexuel (fr)
  • 第一次同性戀運動 (zh)
rdfs:comment
  • Es denomina primer moviment homosexual el moviment de lluita pels drets LGBT que es va donar en les primeres tres dècades del segle xx, principalment a Alemanya, però també en uns altres països d'Europa i als Estats Units. (ca)
  • The first homosexual movement thrived in Germany from the late nineteenth century until 1933. The movement began in Germany because of a confluence of factors, including the criminalization of sex between men (Paragraph 175) and the country's relatively lax censorship. German writers in the mid-nineteenth century coined the word homosexual and criticized its criminalization. In 1897, Magnus Hirschfeld founded the world's first homosexual organization, the Scientific-Humanitarian Committee, whose aim was to use science to improve public tolerance of homosexuality and repeal Paragraph 175. During the German Empire, the movement was restricted to an educated elite, but it greatly expanded in the aftermath of World War I and the German Revolution. (en)
  • Se denomina primer movimiento homosexual al movimiento de lucha por los derechos LGBT que se dio en las primeras tres décadas del siglo XX, principalmente en Alemania, pero también en otros países de Europa y en Estados Unidos.​​ (es)
  • On appelle premier mouvement homosexuel le mouvement de lutte pour les droits LGBT qui se développe pendant les trois premières décennies du XXe siècle, principalement en Allemagne mais également dans d'autres pays d'Europe et aux États-Unis. (fr)
  • Con la definizione di primo movimento omosessuale ci si riferisce a quelle personalità e forme di associazionismo, più o meno organizzate, che si sono battute a favore dei diritti LGBT dalla seconda metà del XIX secolo alla prima metà del XX secolo (sebbene sia da notare che l'acronimo LGBT è di datazione molto più recente); questo principalmente, ma non solo, in Germania e in ambito culturale tedesco. (it)
  • 第一次同性戀運動從19世紀後期到1933年得到蓬勃發展。同性戀運動起源於德國,由多種原因促成,包括男男性行為刑事定罪(第175條)以及該國相對寬鬆的審查制度。19世紀中葉的德國作家創造「同性戀」一詞,並批評將其定為有罪。1897年,马格努斯·赫希菲尔德成立世界首個同性戀組織科學人道委員會,意在使用科學來提升大眾對同性戀的容忍度,並撤銷第175條。運動在德意志帝國期間只在受過良好教育的精英內流傳,但在第一次世界大戰和德國革命之後大大擴展。 威瑪共和國的同性戀亞文化壯大,有關審查得以放寬,促使同性戀運動發展。1919至1933年間,首批面向男同性戀、女同性戀或異裝讀者的大眾市場期刊出版,但要面臨1926年發佈後的審查訴訟和禁止公開銷售。第一個同性戀群眾組織和在戰後成立,這些組織強調人權和尊重政治,並排斥妓女和女性化的男同性戀,他們認為這些人有損運動的公眾形象。同性戀運動在普羅大眾的收效甚微,原因是許多德國人覺得同性戀具有傳染性。 (zh)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ulrichs_10a_-_Uranus.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Denkmal_für_die_erste_homosexuelle_Emanzipationsbewegung_bei_Nacht.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bernhard_Schapiro,_Magnus_Hirschfeld,_Tao_Lee.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1983-0121-500,_Berlin,_Bar_%22Eldorado%22.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Institut_für_Sexualwissenschaft_-_Bibliothek_1933.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Der_Eigene_1924-25_vol_10_no_4.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/1900_circa_Ansichtskarte_Gruss_vom_Etablissement_Königshof,_Inhaber_Otto_Vogel,_Bildseite.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Heading_of_the_first_issue_of_Die_Freundschaft.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Petition_gegen_175.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Schwule_Scheinhochzeit.jpg
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