The Battle of Cixi (no relation to the reigning Empress at the time) or Battle of Tzeki (慈溪之戰) was a victory for Qing imperial forces led by American soldier of fortune Frederick Townsend Ward against Taiping Rebels in late Qing dynasty China. By 1862 Ward, who recently scored several victories for the imperial forces, had raised an army for the defense of Shanghai. On 20 September he attacked the walled city of Cixi (Tzeki) ten miles outside Ningbo. During the attack Ward was mortally wounded but remained in the field until victory was assured. He died the next day and command of his army: British COL Forrester, (Ward's second in command), declined the honor to lead the Forces.
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| - Battle of Cixi (en)
- 자계 전투 (ko)
- 慈渓の戦い (ja)
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| - 慈渓の戦い（じけいのたたかい）は、清軍・常勝軍と太平天国軍との戦い。 1862年、太平天国軍は上海に対して連続的に攻撃を行ったため、西洋人の住民は潜在的な脅威の除去に賛成するようになった。ジェームズ・ホープ提督の指揮のもとイギリス海軍・フランス海軍は清軍に協力して太平天国軍への軍事行動を開始した。当時の太平天国軍の拠点の一つは杭州湾の南の寧波であった。 清軍は5月6日に寧波を包囲する体制をとり、同時にイギリスとフランスの艦隊が湾内に進入した。太平天国軍は砲撃を加えたが、艦隊は反撃して兵員を上陸させた。イギリス・フランス軍は太平天国軍を圧倒し、清軍に突入の機会を与えた。寧波を確保した清軍は、周辺地域への攻撃を開始した。フレデリック・タウンゼント・ウォード率いる常勝軍も清軍とともに寧波から約16キロ離れた慈渓に派遣された。 9月20日、ウォードは慈渓への攻撃を開始したが、戦闘中に致命傷を負った。しかしウォードは戦場に残って勝利を見届け、翌日に死亡した。 常勝軍の指揮は、ヘンリー・バージェヴィンを巡り一悶着の後、チャールズ・ゴードンに引き継がれることとなった。 (ja)
- 자계 전투(慈溪之戰)는 1862년 항저우만의 남쪽 영파의 자계에서 벌어진 청나라군과 상승군과 태평천국군과의 전투이다. (ko)
- The Battle of Cixi (no relation to the reigning Empress at the time) or Battle of Tzeki (慈溪之戰) was a victory for Qing imperial forces led by American soldier of fortune Frederick Townsend Ward against Taiping Rebels in late Qing dynasty China. By 1862 Ward, who recently scored several victories for the imperial forces, had raised an army for the defense of Shanghai. On 20 September he attacked the walled city of Cixi (Tzeki) ten miles outside Ningbo. During the attack Ward was mortally wounded but remained in the field until victory was assured. He died the next day and command of his army: British COL Forrester, (Ward's second in command), declined the honor to lead the Forces. (en)
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| - The Battle of Cixi (no relation to the reigning Empress at the time) or Battle of Tzeki (慈溪之戰) was a victory for Qing imperial forces led by American soldier of fortune Frederick Townsend Ward against Taiping Rebels in late Qing dynasty China. By 1862 Ward, who recently scored several victories for the imperial forces, had raised an army for the defense of Shanghai. On 20 September he attacked the walled city of Cixi (Tzeki) ten miles outside Ningbo. During the attack Ward was mortally wounded but remained in the field until victory was assured. He died the next day and command of his army: British COL Forrester, (Ward's second in command), declined the honor to lead the Forces. That led to Henry Burgevine, a Carolinian who took over as CO of the Command's Forces. It took many weeks before Burgevine would take to the field. He drank a lot at night, he was certainly confronted by the huge task before him, and it was truly much greater than he could bear. Burgevine did not get along well with the other senior leaders, however he tried his best and did lead the forces out, but circumstances overwhelmed him. The Russians tried to interfere, sensing perhaps a vacuum was occurring in China, and their forces might intercede. That was quashed by the British Forces and financial interests that funded the Ever Victorious Army. Burgevine struggled under the difficulty of taking over from a personality such as General Ward. Burgvine found himself thrust into a leadership position, and had no one like Ward to lean upon, and he himself realized he was intellectually ill-suited for the task at hand. Burgevine was no Ward, however he took over leadership, but his personal behavior and temperament was in conflict with the good order and discipline necessary to lead a mixed group of mercenary forces in this ever-changing war. It was unlike any other Civil War the world had ever experienced! Even to this day and time. His uncouth behaviour got him into great deal of trouble, as he could not lead as Ward had led the Ever Victorious Army (EVA) throughout all previous Battles. logistics. Arguments with late pay created a situation in which he used force to get the money the forces needed, and that developed into an international incident which blew up tremendously and led to the leadership being taken over by the British, which led to the group being re-formed under new leadership by a British Major Charles G. Gordon (Chinese Gordon). (en)
- 慈渓の戦い（じけいのたたかい）は、清軍・常勝軍と太平天国軍との戦い。 1862年、太平天国軍は上海に対して連続的に攻撃を行ったため、西洋人の住民は潜在的な脅威の除去に賛成するようになった。ジェームズ・ホープ提督の指揮のもとイギリス海軍・フランス海軍は清軍に協力して太平天国軍への軍事行動を開始した。当時の太平天国軍の拠点の一つは杭州湾の南の寧波であった。 清軍は5月6日に寧波を包囲する体制をとり、同時にイギリスとフランスの艦隊が湾内に進入した。太平天国軍は砲撃を加えたが、艦隊は反撃して兵員を上陸させた。イギリス・フランス軍は太平天国軍を圧倒し、清軍に突入の機会を与えた。寧波を確保した清軍は、周辺地域への攻撃を開始した。フレデリック・タウンゼント・ウォード率いる常勝軍も清軍とともに寧波から約16キロ離れた慈渓に派遣された。 9月20日、ウォードは慈渓への攻撃を開始したが、戦闘中に致命傷を負った。しかしウォードは戦場に残って勝利を見届け、翌日に死亡した。 常勝軍の指揮は、ヘンリー・バージェヴィンを巡り一悶着の後、チャールズ・ゴードンに引き継がれることとなった。 (ja)
- 자계 전투(慈溪之戰)는 1862년 항저우만의 남쪽 영파의 자계에서 벌어진 청나라군과 상승군과 태평천국군과의 전투이다. (ko)
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