Chemical antagonists impede the normal function of a system. They function to invert the effects of other molecules. The effects of antagonists can be seen after they have encountered an agonist, and as a result, the effects of the agonist is neutralized. Antagonists such as dopamine antagonist slow down movement in lab rats. Although they hinder the joining of enzymes to substrates, Antagonists can be beneficial. For example, not only do angiotensin receptor blockers, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors work to lower blood pressure, but they also counter the effects of renal disease in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Chelating agents, such as calcium di sodium defeated, fall into the category of antagonists and operate to minimize the lethal effects of heavy metals such
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| - Antagonism (chemistry) (en)
- 길항작용 (ko)
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| - 길항작용(拮抗作用, 영어: antagonism)은 생물체 내의 현상에서 두 개의 요인이 동시에 작용할 때 서로 그 효과를 상쇄하는 것이다. 이렇게 함으로써 몸의 항상성을 유지한다. 생물체 내의 상쇄작용이다. 길항작용의 예로서는 자율 신경계를 이루는 교감 신경과 부교감 신경의 서로 반대되는 작용을 들 수 있다. 교감 신경은 절전 뉴런에서 아세틸콜린, 절후뉴런에서 노르에피네프린이 분비 되며, 부교감 신경은 절전뉴런, 절후뉴런 모두 아세틸콜린을 분비하여 신체를 조절한다. 약물의 길항작용의 예로서는 흥분제와 진정제를 들 수 있다. 동일한 생활환경에서 2종의 미생물이 공존할 경우 한 미생물이 다른 미생물의 생존과 증식을 위협하는 현상이며, 미생물이 생산하는 항생물질이 원인인 경우가 대부분이다. (ko)
- Chemical antagonists impede the normal function of a system. They function to invert the effects of other molecules. The effects of antagonists can be seen after they have encountered an agonist, and as a result, the effects of the agonist is neutralized. Antagonists such as dopamine antagonist slow down movement in lab rats. Although they hinder the joining of enzymes to substrates, Antagonists can be beneficial. For example, not only do angiotensin receptor blockers, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors work to lower blood pressure, but they also counter the effects of renal disease in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Chelating agents, such as calcium di sodium defeated, fall into the category of antagonists and operate to minimize the lethal effects of heavy metals such (en)
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| - Chemical antagonists impede the normal function of a system. They function to invert the effects of other molecules. The effects of antagonists can be seen after they have encountered an agonist, and as a result, the effects of the agonist is neutralized. Antagonists such as dopamine antagonist slow down movement in lab rats. Although they hinder the joining of enzymes to substrates, Antagonists can be beneficial. For example, not only do angiotensin receptor blockers, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors work to lower blood pressure, but they also counter the effects of renal disease in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Chelating agents, such as calcium di sodium defeated, fall into the category of antagonists and operate to minimize the lethal effects of heavy metals such as mercury or lead. In chemistry, antagonism is a phenomenon wherein two or more agents in combination have an overall effect that is less than the sum of their individual effects. The word is most commonly used in this context in biochemistry and toxicology: interference in the physiological action of a chemical substance by another having a similar structure. For instance, a receptor antagonist is an agent that reduces the response that a ligand produces when the receptor antagonist binds to a receptor on a cell. An example of this is the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. The opposite of antagonism is synergy. It is a negative type of synergism. Experiments with different combinations show that binary mixtures of phenolics can lead to either a synergetic antioxidant effect or to an antagonistic effect. (en)
- 길항작용(拮抗作用, 영어: antagonism)은 생물체 내의 현상에서 두 개의 요인이 동시에 작용할 때 서로 그 효과를 상쇄하는 것이다. 이렇게 함으로써 몸의 항상성을 유지한다. 생물체 내의 상쇄작용이다. 길항작용의 예로서는 자율 신경계를 이루는 교감 신경과 부교감 신경의 서로 반대되는 작용을 들 수 있다. 교감 신경은 절전 뉴런에서 아세틸콜린, 절후뉴런에서 노르에피네프린이 분비 되며, 부교감 신경은 절전뉴런, 절후뉴런 모두 아세틸콜린을 분비하여 신체를 조절한다. 약물의 길항작용의 예로서는 흥분제와 진정제를 들 수 있다. 동일한 생활환경에서 2종의 미생물이 공존할 경우 한 미생물이 다른 미생물의 생존과 증식을 위협하는 현상이며, 미생물이 생산하는 항생물질이 원인인 경우가 대부분이다. (ko)
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